138 THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN FORESTS. 



cent; chestnut oak, 6 per cent; hickory, 4 per cent; gum, 5 per cent; linn, 6 per 

 cent; maple, 7 per cent; buckeye, 6 per cent; birch, 3 per cent; cucumber, 5 per 

 cent; other species, 20 per cent. 



Yield. hog timber, 54,580 M feet B. M.; small wood, 420,280 cords. 



Demand. The best of the log timber brings from 50 cents to $3 per thousand 

 feet on the stump. 



Accessibility. The remotest part of this tract is 20 miles from the railroad 

 at Hot Springs. The wagon road below Bluff is good, but above that point it is 

 rough and often impassable. 



J^ire: The western ridges have been frequently burned and the forest on 

 them has been considerably reduced. Elsewhere the fires are held in check 

 by the clearings. 



Second grovjth. Except on the ridges, saplings are abundant and usually of 

 valuable species. 



Under gr moth. Light. 



Reproduction. Free, except for fire. 



Rate of growth. Rapid. 



Water power. Near Bluff' are many good sites for mills using a moderate 

 amount of power. 



Occupancy. About 150 families live in this valley. 



Prices of land. Mountain land brings from $4 to $6 per acre; valley land, 

 from $25 to $50. 



BIG PINE CREEK DISTRICT (mADISON COUNTY, N. c). 



Boundaries. On the north. Oak Branch divide and French Broad River; on 

 the east and south, the Pawpaw and Little Pine divides; and on the west, Spring 

 Creek divide. 



Area. Total, 17 square miles; cleared, 5.50 square miles; wooded, 11.50 

 square miles. 



Surface. Hilh^ to mountainous. 



Soil. Brown loam with many fragments of quartz, which resist wash. 



Agricultural value. About 2,000 acres are adapted to farming or grazing, 

 although the surface is steep and much care is needed to prevent washing. 



Timber trees. Chestnut, 20 per cent; white oak, 12 per cent; red oak, 6 per 

 per cent; chestnut oak, 6 per cent; hickory, 4 per cent; gum, 5 per cent; cucum- 

 ber, 5 per cent; linn, 6 per cent; maple, 7 per cent; buckeye, 6 per cent; birch, 

 3 per cent; other species, 20 per cent. 



Yield. hog timber, 12,491 M feet B. M.; small wood, 67,000 cords. 



Demand. The best timber brings $2 per thousand feet on the stump. 



