CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 107 



ASH. 



Mountaius of western Texas, through southern New Mexico, southern and eastern Arizona, to southern 

 Nevada (Ash Meadows, Rotliroclc) ; in northern Mexico. 



A small tree, 10 to 12 meters in height, with a trunk rarely 0.45 meter in diameter; generally along borders 

 of streams, in elevated caSons, less commonly in dry soil, the foliage then thick and coriaceous or, more rarely, 

 velvety tomentose (var. coriaeea, Gray, I. c.) ; the large specimens generally hollow and defective. 



Wood heavy, soft, not strong, coarse-grained, compact; medullary rays numerous, thin ; color, light brown, 

 the sap-wood lighter; specific gravity, 0.6810; ash, 0.62; occasionally used in wagon-building, for ax handles, etc. 



192. Fraxinus Americana, Linnteus, 



Spec. 2 ed. 1510. Walter, Fl. Caroliniana, 254. Alton, Hort. Kew. iii, 445; 2 ed. v, 476. Willdenow, Spec, iv, 1102; Enum. 1060; 

 Berl. Baamz. 145. Muhlenberg & Willdenow in Neue Schriften Gesell. Nat. Fr. Berlin, iii, 393. Vahl Enua. i, 49. Persoon, Syn. 

 ii, 604. Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. i,102. Nouveau Duhamel, iv, 63. Michaux f. Hit. Arb. Am. iii, 106, t. 8; N. American Sylva, 

 3 ed. iii, 49, t. 118 (excl. fruit). Barton, Prodr. Fl. Philadelph. 97; Compend. Fl. Philadelph. ii, 192. Eaton, Manual, 114. 

 Hayne, Dend. Fl. 221. Cobbett, Woodlands, 131. Sprengel, Syat. i, 95. Beck, Bot. 232. Loudon, Arboretum, ii, 1232, f. 1055 

 & t. Penn. Cyel. X, 455. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 3 ed. 408. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 51. Torrey, Fl. N. York, ii, 125, t. 89. A.De 

 CandoUe, Prodr. viii, 177. Browne, Trees of America, 394. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 3 ed. 238. Cooper in Smithsonian Kep. 

 1858, 253. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 369. Curtis in Geological Rep. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 54. Wood, CI. Book, 597 ; Bot. & Fl. 

 277. Lesquerenx in Owen's 2d Eep. Arkansas, 382. Engehnann in Trans. Am. Phil. Soo. new ser. xii, 206. Porcher, Resources 

 S. Forests, 494. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 401 ; Hall's PI. Texas, 19 ; Syn. Fl. N. America, ii', 74. Koch, Dendrologie, ii, 

 252. Young, Bot. Texas, 452. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 20. Macoun in Geological Eep. Canada, 1875-'76, 207. Sears in Bull. 

 Essex Inst, xiii, 177. Bell in Geological Eep. Canada, 1879-'80, 52<:. Eidgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 68. 



F. CaroUniensia, Wangenheim, Amer. 81. 



F. alba, Marshall, Arbustum, 51. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 223. 



F. acuminata, Lamarck, Diet, ii, 542. Bosc in Mem. Inst. 1808, 205. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 9. Nuttall, Genera, ii,231; 

 Sylva, iii, 64 ; 2 ed. ii, 129. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 220. EUiott, Sk. ii, 672. Sprengel, Syst. i, 95. Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. 

 States, 371 ; Nicollet's Eep. 154. Ecemer & Schultes, Syst. iii, 277. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 2 ed. 8. Eaton, Manual, 6 

 ed. 148. Beck, Bot. 232. Don, Miller's Diet, iv, 56. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 247. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, 333; 

 2 ed. ii, 376 & t. Darby, Bot. S. States, 429. Porcher, Eesources S. Forests, 494. 



t F. juglandifolia, Lamarck, Diet, ii, 542. Bosc in Mem. Inst. 1808, 208. Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. i, 103. Hayne, Dend. 

 Fl. 221. Beck, Bot. 232. -Don, Miller's Diet, iv, 55. 



F. Canadensis, Gartner, Fract.i, 222, t. 49. 



F. epiptera, Michaux, Fl.Bor.-Am.ii,256. Vahl, Enum. i, 50. Willdenow, Spec. iv,1102; Berl. Baumz. 147. Persoon, Syn. 

 ii, 603 Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. i, 103. Poiret, Suppl. ii, 671. Nuttall, Genera, ii, 231. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. i, 8. 

 Elliott, Sk. ii, 672. Sprengel, Syst. i, 96. Ecemer & Schultes, Syst. 278. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 148. Don, Miller's Diet, 

 iv, 55. London, Arboretum, ii, 1237. Penn. Cycl. x, 455. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 247. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 50. 

 A. De Candolle, Prodr. viii, 277. Darby, Bot. S. States, 429. Cooper in Smithsonian Eep. 1858, 399. 



F. lancea, Bosc in Mem. Inst. 1808, 209 (Jide Loudon, Arboretum, ii, 1237). 



F. discolor, Muhlenberg, Cat. 111. Rafinosque, Fl. Ludoviciana, 37. Spach, Hist. Veg. viii, 297. 



F. Americana, var. latifolia, Loudon,Arboretum,ii, 1232. Browne. Trees of America, 396. 



fF. juglandifolia, var. serrata, Hayne, Dend. Fl. 221. 



tF. juglandi/oUa,\aT. svbserrata, Hayne, Dend. F1.221. 



WHITE ASH. 



Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, southern Ontario to northern Minnesota, south to northern Florida, central 

 Alabama and Mississippi, and west to eastern Nebraska, eastern Kansas, the Indian territory, and the valley of the 

 Trinity river, Texas. 



A large tree of the first economic value, 15 to 30 or, exceptionally, 42 meters (Ridgway) in height, with a trunk 

 1.20 to 1.80 meter in diameter ; low, rich, rather moist soil, reaching its greatest development in the bottom lands 

 of the lower Ohio Eiver basin; toward its western and southwestern limits smaller, of less economic value, and 

 generally replaced by the green ash {Fraxinus viridis). 



A form of the southern states with remarkably small fruit has been described as 



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