CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 141 



258. Quercus bicolor, Willdenow, 



Neue Schriften Gesell. Nat. Fr. Berliu, iii, 396 ; Spec, iv, 440. Smith in Eees' Cycl. xxx, No. 50. Persoon, Sjii. ii, 5C9. Poiret, Supply 

 ii, 219. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 633. Eaton, Manual, 107; 6 ed.294. Barton, Compend. Fl.Philadclph. ii, 172. Nuttall, Genera,' 

 ii, 215; Sylva, i, 13; 2 ed.i,23. Nouveau Duliamel, vii, 165. Spreugel, Syst.iii,860. Torrey, Confpend. Fl. N. States, 359; Fl.N. 

 York, ii, 192. Beck, Bot. 331. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 3 ed. 375. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 385. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, 135, t. 4 ; 

 2ed. i, 103&t. Buckley in Am. Jour. Sci.2 ser. xiii, 397. Darlington, Fl. Cestrica, 3 ed. 266. Lesquereux in Owen's 2d Eep. 

 Arkansas, 387. Wood, CI. Book, 646 ; Bot. & Fl. 306. A. Do Candolle, Prodr. xvi^ 20. Orstcd in Saerskitt. Aftryk. af. Nat. For. 

 Viden. Meddelt. Nos. 1-6, 1866, 67. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 451. Koch, Dendrologie, ii^, 47. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 25.- - 

 Engelmann 'lU Trans. St. Louis Acad, iii, 3t9. Broadhead in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, iii, 60. Sears in Bull. Essex Inst, xiii, 179. - 

 Bell in Geological Eep. Canada, 1879-'80, 55=.- Eidgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 79. 



? Q. Prinus platanoides, Lamarck, Diet, i, 21. 



Q. alba palvstris, Marshall, Arhustum, 120. Muhlenberg & Willdenow in Neue Schriften Gesell. Nat. Fr. Berlin, iii, SS"). 



Q. Prinus tomentosa, Michaux, Hist. Chfines Am. No. 5, t. 9, f. 2 ; Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 196. Loudon, Arboretum, iii, 1876, f. I'TSO. 



Q. Prinus, var. discolor, Michaux f.Hist.Arb.Am. ii,46,t.6; N. American Sylva, 3 ed.i,41,t.7. Cooper in Smithsonian 

 Eep. 1858, 255. Brendel in Trans. Illinois Ag. See. iii, 617, t. 3. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 424. Curtis in Eep. Geological 

 Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 34. 



Q. bicolor, var. mollis, Nuttall, Genera, ii, 215. Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. States, 359. 



Q. Prinus, var. bicolor, Spach, Hist. Veg. xi, 158. 



t Q. bicolor, var. platanoides, A. De Candolle, Prodr. xvi, 21. 



SWAMP WHITE OAK. 



Southern Maine, valley of the upper Saint Lawrence river, Ontario, southern peninsula of Michigan to 

 southeastern Iowa and western Missouri, south to Delaware, and along the Alleghany mountains to northern 

 Georgia, northern Kentucky, and northern Arkansas. 



A large tree, 24 to 36 meters in height, with a trunk 1.20 to 2.40 or, exceptionallj', over 3 meters (" Wadsworth 

 Oak", Geneseo, New York) in diameter; borders of streams and swamps, in deep alluvial soil ; common and reaching 

 its greatest development in the region south of the great lakes. 



Wood heavy, hard, strong, tough, close-grained, inclined to check in seasoning ; layers of annual growth marked 

 by one to three rows of large open ducts ; medullary rays broad and conspicuous ; color, light brown, the sap-wood 

 hardly distinguishable; specific gravity, 0.7662; ash, 0.58; used for the same purposes as that of the white oak 

 {Q. alba). 



259. Quercus Michauxii, Nuttall, 



Genera, ii, 215 (excl. syn.). Elliott, Sk. ii, 609. Sprengel, Syst. iii, 860. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 295. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 386. Darby, 

 Bot. S. States, 511. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 25. Engelmann in Trans. St. Louis Acad, iii, 382. Ward in Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 

 22, 113. Eidgway in Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882,81. 



Q. Prinus palustris, Michaux, Hist. Chfines Am. No. .5, t.6; Fl. Bor-Am. ii, 196. Michaux f. Hist. Arb.Am.ii, 51, t. 7; N. 

 American Sylva, 3 ed. i, 44, t. 8. Barton, Prodr. Fl. Philadelph. 91. Loudon, Arboretum, iii, 1872, f. 1735 & t. 



Q. Prinus, var. Michauxii, Chapman, Fl. s. States, 424. 



Q. Prinus, Curtis in Eep. Geological Surv. N. Carolina, 1860, iii, 33, in part. 



Q. bicolor, var. Michauxii, Engelmann in Trans. St. Louis Acad, iii, 390. 



BASKET OAK. COW OAK. 



Few Oastle county, Delaware, south through the lower and middle districts to northern Florida, through the 

 Gulf states to the valley of the Trinity river, Texas, and through Arkansas and southwestern Missouri to central 

 Tennessee and Kentucky, and the valley of the lower Wabash river. 



A tree 24 to 36 meters in height, with a trunk 1.20 to 2.10 meters in diameter; borders of streams aud deep, 

 often submerged, swamps ; the common and most valuable white oak of the Gulf states, reaching its greatest 

 development in the rich bottom lauds of southeastern Arkansas and Louisiana. 



Wood heavy, hard, very strong, tough, close-grained, compact, very durable in contact with the soil, easily 

 split; layers of annual growth marked by few rather large open ducts; medullary rays broad, conspicuous; color, 

 light brown, the sap-wood darker ; specific gravity, 0.8039; ash, 0.45; largely used in the manufacture of agricultural 

 implements, wheel stocks, baskets, for which it is unsurpassed, for cooperage, fencing, construction, and fuel. 



The large, sweet, edible acorns eagerly devoured by cattle and other animals. 



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