164 FOREST TREES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



304. Alnus serrulata, Willdenow, 



Spec, iv, 336; Euiiiii. 965 ; Berl. Baumz. 2 e<l. 21. Noiiveau Diihamel, ii, 216. Pereoon, Syu. ii, 550. Desfontaines, Hist. Arl). ii, 488. 

 Aiton, Hort. Kew. 2 ed. v, 2.59. Micbaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 320, t. 4, f. 1 ; N. American Syl va, 3 od. ii, 87, t. 75, f. 1. Pursb, Fl. Am. 

 Sept. ii, 623. Barton, Prodr. Fl. Pbiladelpb. 89; Compend. FI. Philadelpb. ii, 158. Eatou, Manual, 105; 6 ed. 12. Nuttall, Genera, 

 ii, 206. Hayno, Dend. FI. 122. Elliott, Sk. ii, 567. Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. States, 350; Fl. N. York, ii, 202, 1. 115. Beck, Bot. 

 326. Darlington, Fl.Cestrica, 3 ed. 276. Loudon, Arboretum, iii, 1688, f. 1544. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 120. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 

 3 ed. 220. Spacb in Ann. Sci. Nat. 2 ser. xv, 206; Hist. Veg. xi, 251. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, 218; 2 ed. i, 248 & t. Eudlicher, 

 Genera, Suppl. iv-, 21. Darby, Bot. S. States, 508. Chapman, Fl. S. States, 429. Curtis in Rep. Geological Snrv. N. Carolina, 

 1860, iii, 102. Lesriuereux in Owen's 2a Rep. Arkansas, 389. Wood, CI. Book, 650; But. & Fl. 308. Porcher, Resources S. Forests, 

 366. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 461. Young, Bot. Texas, 513. Broadhead in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, iii, 60. 



Betvla rugosa, Du Roi,Harbk.i,176. Wangenheim,Amer.86,t.29,f.60. Ehrhart,Beitr.iii,21. 



f Betula- Alnus glauca, Marshall, Arbustum, 20. 



Betula serrulata, Aitou,Hort. Kew. iii, 338. Willdeuow, Berl. Banmz. 1 ed. 45. Abbot, Insects Georgia, ii, 183, t. 92. 

 * Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 181. 



A. serrulata, var. vulgaris, Spach in Aun. Sci. Nat. 2 ser. xv, 206. 



A. serrulata, var. macrophylla, Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat. 2 ser. XV, 206. 



A. serrulata, var. oblongata, Spach, Hist. Veg. xi, 251. 



A. serrulata, var. latifolia, Spach,Hi8t. Veg. xi,^5i. 



A. rubra, Tnckerman in Am. Jour. Sci. 1 ser. xlv, 32. 



A. hybrida, Reichenbach, Icon. Fl. Germ, xii, t. 630, f. 1292. 



A. glutinosa, var. serrulata, Kegel in Mem. Soc. N.at. Moscow, xix, 164, 1. 11, f. 6, 8, in part. 



A. glutinosa, var. rugosa, Kegel in Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xix, 165, 1. 11, f. 9, 10. 



A. serrulata genuina and obtusi/oUa, Kegel in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xxxviii*, 432; De Candolle, Prodr. xvi', 168. 



A. serrulata, var. rugosa, Kegel in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscow. xxxtHH, 432, in part; De Candolle, Prodr. xvi^ 188, in part. 



.4. r</OSfl, Koch, Depdrologie,ii, 635. 



A. oblongata, vndulata, rugosa, Canadensis, and Americana, Hort. 



BLACK ALDEK. SMOOTH ALDEE. 



Essex county, Massaclinsetts, west to southern Missouri, south to northern Florida and the valley of the 

 Trinity river, Texas. 



A small tree, 6 to 12 meters in height, with a trunk 0.10 to 0.15 meter in diameter, or more often a tall, branching 

 shrub forming den.se thickets; borders of streams and swamps, probably reaching its greatest development in 

 southern Arkansas. 



Wood light, .soft, close-grained, compact; medullary rays numerous, conspicuous; color, light brown, the sap- 

 wood lighter; .specific gravity, 0.4666; ash, 0.38. 



A decoction of the bark and leaves, as well as those of A. incana, is a popular remedy against impurity of the 

 blood and in the treatment of diarrlioea and hicmaturia, etc. {Hat. Dispensatory, 2 ed. 135). 



305. Alnus incana, Willdenow, 



Spec, i V, 335 ; Kuiim. IXV) ; Berl. Baumz. 2 ed. 20. IVrsoou, Syn. ii, .550. Aiton, Hort. Kew. 2 ed. v, 259. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 152. Eatou, 

 Manual, 6 ed. 12. Loudon, Arboretum, iii, 1687, f. 1543. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 157. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 120. Spach in Aun. 

 Sci. Nat. 2 ser. XV, 200; Hl.st. Veg. xl,252. Nnttall, Sylva, i, 30; 2 ed. i, 46. Tnckerman in Am. Jour. Sci. 1 scv. xlv, 32. Torrey, 

 FI.N. York, ii,20->.Emt'r.son, Trees Massacbu.setts, 220 ; 2 ed. i, 251 & t. Endlicher, Genera, Suppl. iv^ 21. Parry in Owen's 

 Rep. 618. Cooper iu Smithsonian Kep. 1858, 2.56. Hooker f. in Trau.s. Linnieau Soj. xxiii-, 301. Wood, CI. Book. 049; Bot. & 

 Fl. 308. Kegel iu Bull. Soc. Nat. Mgscow, xxxviiiS433; De Caudolle, Prodr. xvi-, 188. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 461. Koch, 

 Dendvologie, ii, 636. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 28. Macoun in Geological Kep. Canada, 1875-'76, 210. Bell in Geological Rep. 

 Canada, 1879-'r^0, 5.5^ 



Betvla- Alnus, var. fi. incana, Limiieus, Sjiec. l cd.yS!.- Du Koi, Harlik.i,109. 



Betula incana, Linnasus, Sniipl. 417. Aitou, Hort. Kew. iii, 339. Willdenow, Berl. Baumz. 1 ed. 45. Smith in Kees' Cycl. 

 iv. No. 7. 



f Betula-Alnus rubra, Marshall. Arbustum, 20. 



A. glattca, Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 322, t. 4, f. 2 ; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. 89, t. 75, f. 2. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 3 cd. 307. 



A. incana, var. glauca, Gray, Mauual N. states, 1 ed. 423 ; 3 ed. 461. 



A. incana, Americana, and genuina, Kegel in Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscow, xix, 155. 



