CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 173 



321. Populus balsamifera, Linuieus, 



Spec. 1 ed. 1034. Du Eoi, Harbk. 82 Marsliall, Arbustum, 107. WangeuUt-im, Amer. 65, t. 26, f. 59. Alton, Hort. Kew. iii, 406 ; 2 ed. 

 V, 397. Mcench, Meth. 338. B. S. Barton, Coll. i, 16. Nouvoau Duhamel, ii, 179, t. 50. Micliaux, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 244. Willdenow, 

 Spec, iv, 805 ; Euum. 1017 ; Berl. Baumz. 290. Persoon, Syn. ii, 624. Desfontaines, Hist. Arb. ii, 466.^Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. 

 iii, 306, t. 13, f. 1 ; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. ii, 172, t. 98, f. 1. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 618. Eaton, Manual, 117 ; 6ed. 278. Nuttall, 

 Genera, ii, 239; Sylva, i, 55; 2 ed. i,70. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 202. Sprengel, Syst. ii, 244. Beck, Bot. 322. Lindley, Fl. Mod. 320. 

 Loudon, Aiboretum, iii, 1637, f. 1535, 1536 & t. Hooker, Fl. Bor.Aui. ii, 133. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 370. Hooker fe Aruott, Bot. 

 Beechey, 15Vw Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat. 2 ser. xv, 33 ; Hist. Veg. x, 393. Lindley, Bot. Eeg. xxix. Misc. 20. Seringe in Fl. des 

 Jard. ii, 65. Torrey, Fl. N. York, ii, 216; Bot. Wilkes Exped. 469. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 257; Am. Nat. iii, 408. 

 Hooker f. in Trans. Liunsean Soc. xxiii=, 301. Wood, CI. Book, 656; Bot. & Fl. 311. Gray, Manual N. States, 5 ed. 467. Koch, 

 Dendrologie, ii, 495. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 29. Macouu in Geological Rep. Canada, 1875-76, 211. Watson in Am. Jour. Sci. 

 XV, 135. Beal in Am. Nat. xv, 34, f. 4. Trelease in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, vi, 285. Sears in Bull. Essex Inst, xiii, 181. Bell in 

 Geological Rep. Canada, 1879-'80, 45<^. 



P. Tacamahaca, Miller, Diet. 



p. vimiliea, Bon Jard. 1845, 565. 



P. Ixthamifera, var. genuina, Wesmtel in De Candolle, Prorlr. xvi-, 329. 



BALSAM. TAOAMAHAC. BALM OF GILEAD. 



Straits of Belle Isle to Eiclimoud gulf and cape Chnreliill, Hudson bay, northwest to the shores of the Great 

 Bear lake and the valley of the Yukon river, Alaska, south to northern Xew England, .central Michigan and 

 Minnesota, the Eocky mountains and interior ranges of Montana and Idaho, Washington territory, and British 

 Columbia. 



A large tree,18 to 24 meters in height, with a trunk 1.50 to 2.10 meters in diameter; very common on all islands 

 and shores of the northern rivers ; iu British Columbia generally confounded with the allied P. trichocarpa, the range 

 of the two species here still uncertain. 



Wood very light, soft, not strong, close-grained, comijact ; medullary rays numerous, very obscure ; color, 

 brown, the thick sap-wood nearly white ; specific gravity, 0.3635 ; ash^ 0.66. 



The buds, as well as those of several other species, covered with a resinous exudation,^ and occasionally used 

 jnedicinally as a substitute for turpentine and other balms. 



Var. candicans, Gray, 



Manual N. States, 2 ed. 419 ; 5 ed. 467. Cooper in Smithsonian Rep. 1858, 257. Porter & Coulter, Fl. Colorado ; Hayden's Surv. Misc. 

 Pub. No. 4, 129. Watson in Am. Jour. Sci. 3 ser. xv, 135. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vii, 57. Trelease in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, 

 vi, 285. 



P. balsamifera lanceolata^ Mavslmii, Arbustum, 108. 



p. candicans, Alton, Hort. Kew. iii, 406: 2 ed. v. 397. Nouveau Duhamel, ii, 179. Willdenow, Spec, iv, 806; Enuni. 1017; 

 Berl. Baumz. 291. Persoon, Syn. ii, 624. Michaux f. Hist. Arb. Am. iii, 308, t. 13, f. 2; N. American Sylva, 3 ed. ii, 

 173, t. 98, f. 2. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 616. Barton, Prodr. Fl. Philadelph. 96. Poiret, Suppl. iv, 378. Nuttall, Genera, 

 ii, 239. Hayne, Dend. Fl. 202. Spreugel, Syst. ii, 244. Torrey, Compend. Fl. N. States, 375 ; Fl. N. York, ii,217. 

 Audubon, Birds, t. 59.- Beck, Bot, 332. Eaton, M.anual, 6 ed. 278. Loudon, Arboretum, ii, 1676, f. 1537. Hooker, Fl. 

 Bor.-Am. ii, 154. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 370. Bigelow, Fl. Boston. 3 ed. 398. Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat. 2 ser. xv, 33; 

 Hist. Veg. X, 392. Lindley,- Bot. Reg. xxix. Misc. 22. Emerson, Trees Massachusetts, 245; 2 ed. i, 281. Seringe in 

 Fl. des Jard. ii, 63. Gray, Manual N. States, 1 ed. 431. Wood, CI. Book, 656 ; Bot. & Fl. 311. Wesma;! iu De 

 Candolle, Prodr. xvi-, 330, 



P. Canadensis, Mfcnch, W'eins. 81 [not Michaux f.]. 



P. Itttifolia, Moiich, Meth. 33. 



P. Onturiensis, Hort. Loddiges, Cat. 1836. 



P. macrophylla, Lindley in Loudon, Eneyc. PI. 840. 



P. acladesca and P. heterophylla, iiort. (ex. Koch, Wachen. 1865, 238). 



A large tree, rare or unknown in a wild state ; very common iu cultivation. 

 The wood heavier than that of the species; si)eciftc gravity, 0.4161 ; ash, 0.46. 



