CATALOGUE OF FOREST TREES. 209 



391. PseudotSUga Douglasii, Carrifere, 



Trait. Conif. 2 ed. 256. Engelmanu in Wheeler's Eep. vi, 257 ; Bot. California, ii, 120. G. M. Dawson in Canadian Nat. new ser. ix, 323. 

 Eichler in Monatsb. Acad. Berl. 1881, f. 18-22. Rusby iu Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, ix, 79. 



Pinua taxifolia, Lambert, Pinus, 1 ed. i, 51, t. 33; 2 ed. i, 58, t. 36; 3 ed. ii, 82, t. 47. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. ii, 640. Smith in Eees' 

 Cycl. xxviii, No. 28. Sprengel, Syst. ii, 885. Eaton, Manual, 6 ed. 264. Eaton & Wright, Bot. 358. 



Abies tcmifolia, Poiret in Lamarck, Diet, vi, 523. Nouveau Duhamel, v, 293. Torrey & Gray in Pacific E. R. Hep. ii, 130. 

 Cooper iu Smithsonian Eep. 1858, 262 ; Pacific E. E. Eep. xii'', 69. 



Abies Douglasii, LindleyinPeun. Cycl. i, 32. Loudon, Arboretum, iv, 2319, f. 2230. Forbes, Pinetum Woburn. 127, t. 45. 

 Benthara, PI. Hartweg. 57. Nuttall, Sylva, iii, 129, 1. 115 ; 2 ed. ii, 187, 1. 115. Spach, Hist. Veg. xi, 423. Knight, Syn. 

 Conif. 37. Lindley & Gordon iu Jour. Hort. Soc. London, v, 209. London Gard. Chronicle, 1854, 163. Bigelow in Pacific 

 E. E. Eep. iv, 17. Torrey in Pacific E. E. Eep. iv, 141 ; Bot. Mex. Boundary Survey, 210; Ives' Eep. 28. Newberry in 

 Pacific E. E. Eep. vi, 54, 90, t. 8, f. 20. Gordon, Pinetum, 15 ; Suppl. 10 ; 2 ed. 24. Cooper iu Smithsonian Eep. 1858, 262 ; 

 Pacific E. E. Eep. xii^, 24, 69; Am. Nat. iii, 411. Wood, Bot. & Fl. 313. Engelmann in Am. Jour. Sci. 2 ser. xxxiv, 330 ; 

 Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. new ser. xii, 209. Lyall in Jour. Liunsean Soc. vii, 131, 133, 143. Henkel & Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 

 155. Nelson, Pinaceai, 32. Eothrock in Smithsonian Eep. 1867,433; PI. Wheeler, 28, 50; Wlieeler's Eep.vi, 9. 

 Hoopes, Evergreens, 189. Lawson, Pinetum Brit, ii, 115, 1. 17, 18, f. 1-23. Porter in Hayden's Eep. 1871, 494. Watson 

 in King's Eep. v, 334 ; PI. Wheeler, 17. Fowler iu London Gard. Chronicle, 1872, 75. Gray in Proc. Am. Acad, vii, 402. 

 Koch, Deudrologie, ii^, 255. Porter & Coulter, Fl. Colorado ; Hayden's Surv. Misc. Pub. No. 4, 131. Murray in London 

 Gard. Chronicle, 1872, 106. Vasey, Cat. Forest Trees, 33 Hayden in Warren's Eep. Nebraska & Dakota, 2 ed. 122. 

 Macoun in Geological Eep. Canada, 1875-'76, 211. Hall in Coulter's Bot. Gazette, ii, 91. Brandegee in Coulter's Bot. 

 Gazette, iii, 32. Veitch, Manual Conif. 119, f. 35. 



Abies mucronata, Eafinesque, Jour. Atlant. 119. Endlicher, Syn. C onif. 126. Lindley & Gordon in Jour. Hort. Soc. London, 

 V, 213. Carrifere, Trait. Conif. 268 ; 2 ed. 312. 



t Abies mucronata palustris, Eafinesque, Jour. Atlant. 129. Carrifere, Trait. Conif. 268; 2ed. 313. 



Pinus Douglasii, Lambert, Pinus, 1 ed. iii, 163, t. 21. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Am. ii, 162, 1. 183. Antoine, Conif. 84, t. 33, f. 3. 

 Hooker & Arnott, Bot. Beechey, 394. Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 87. Torrey in Sitgreaves' Eep. 173. Parlatore in De 

 CandoUe, Prodr. xvi^ 430. McNab in Proc. Eoyal Irish Acad. 2 ser. ii, 703, t. 49, f. 32, 32, 32''. 



Abies Douglasii, var. taxifolia, Loudon, Arboretum, iv, 2319, f. 2231. Gordon, Pinetum, 16; 2 ed. 25. Henkel & 

 Hochstetter, Nadelholz. 156. 



Pinus Douglasii, var. brevibracteata, Antoine, Conif. 84, t. 33, f. 4. 



Picea Douglasii, Link in Liunaea, xv, 524. 



Tsuga Douglasii, Carrifere, Trait. Conif. 192. Bolander in Proc. California Acad, iu, 232. 



Tstiga Lindleyana, Roezl, Cat. Grain Mex. 8. 



BED FIR. YELLOW FIB. OREGON PINE. DOUGLAS PIE. 



Coast ranges and interior plateau of British Columbia south of latitude 55 N. (not reaching the coast archipelago 

 north of Vancouver's island), east to the eastern slope of the Rocky mountains in latitude 51 N. (Bow Eiver pass, 

 Macoun) ; south along the mountain ranges of Washington territory, Oregon, the California Coast ranges, and the 

 western slope of the Sierra Nevadas, through the mountain ranges east to Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and the 

 Guadalupe mountains of Texas ; iu the Wahsatch and Uintah mountains, the ranges of northern and eastern 

 Arizona, and southward into Mexico; not detected in the interior region between the Sierra Nevada and the 

 Wahsatch mountains, south of the Blue mountains of Oregon, and north of Arizona. 



A large tree, 61 to 92 meters in height, with a trunk 0.83 to 3.66 meters iu diameter, or in the Eocky mountains 

 much smaller, here rarely 30 meters in height; the most generally-distributed and valuable timber tree of the 

 Pacific region, growing from the sea-level to an elevation in Colorado of nearly 10,000 feet; often forming extensive 

 forests, almost to the exclusion of other species, and reaching in western Oregon and Washington territory its 

 greatest development and value. 



Wood hard, strong, varying greatly with age and conditions of growth in density, quality, and amount of sap ; 

 difficult to work, durable ; bands of small summer cells broad, occupying fully half the width of the annual growth, 

 dark colored, conspicuous, soon becoming flinty and dillicult to cut ; medullary rays numerous, obscure ; color, varying 

 from light red to yellow, the sap-wood nearly white ; specific gravity, 0.5157 ; ash, 0.08 ; largely manufactured into 

 lumber and used for all kinds of construction, railway ties, piles, fuel, etc.; two varieties, red and yellow fir, are 

 distinguished by lumbermen, dependent probably upon tlio age of the tree; the former coarsegrained, darker 

 colored, and considered less valuable than yellow fir. 



The bark is found valuable in tunning leather. 



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