548 



THE FORESTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



throagh which the prairie fires swept, destroying all undergrowth, without doing great injury to the full-grown 

 trees. Prairie fires have gradually decreased in frequency and violence since the settlemcBt of the state, and 

 tbee open groves are now tilled with a vigorous growth of young seedlings and shoots ; their characteristic features 

 have disappeared, and the area of the forest is gradually increasing. 



The shores of lake Michigan are covered with a stunted growth of white pine; the dry, rocky hillsides in the 

 western part of Union county, one of the southern counties of the state, bear a few yellow pines (Pinus mitis), and 

 cypress is found in the southern river swamps. With these exceptions, of little importance commercially, the 

 forests of Illinois are composed of deciduous species. 



During the census year only 48,691 acres of woodland were reported destroyed by fire, with an estimated loss of 

 45,775. These fires were generally traced to hunters, and to farmers permitting brush fires to escape to the forest. 



The production of cooperage stock was once an important industry in southern Illinois. The business has 

 greatly diminished, owing to the exhaustion of the local supply of the best hard woods. Bass, gum, hackberry, 

 elm, sycamore, and other woods formerly considered of little value, are substituted for oak, and Illinois now receives 

 most of its hard wood from Kentucky, Tennessee, and other southern states. 



Illinois is eleventh among the states in the volume of its lumber-manufacturing interests. It owes this position 

 to the fact that many large mills sawing pine logs rafted down the Mississippi river from the forests of Wisconsin 

 are established within its borders, and not to the extent and value of the forests of the state. The manufacture 

 of Illinois-grown lumber is small and totally inadequate to supply the wants of the present population of the state. 



Chicago, owing to its general commercial importance and its position with reference to the great pine forests 

 of the northwest, has become the greatest lumber-distributing center in the world. 



According to the statistics gathered by the Northwestern Lumberman of Chicago, and published in that journal 

 January 29, 1881, there were received in Chicago during the year 1880 1,419,974,000 feet of lumber by lake and 

 145,563,118 feet by rail, a total of 1,565,537,118 feet, an increase of 96,817,127 feet over the total receipts of 1879; 

 650,922,500 shingles were received during the same year. 



Lumber was received from the lake ports during the year 1880, as follows : 



Points of shipment 



Ahuapo 



Alpena 



Ashland 



Bay deNoquet.. 



Bayfield 



Benton 



Black Creek 



Black River 



Canada ports . . . 



CaseriUe 



Cedar Elver 



Charlevoix 



Cheboygan 



Clay Bank 



Copper Harbor. . 

 Cross Village . . - 



Depere 



Dnck lake 



Escanaba 



Ford Elver 



Frankfort 



Grand Haven . . . 



Green Bay 



Hamlin 



Hancock 



Holland 



Kewaunee 



L'Anse 



Leland 



Lincoln 



Lndington 



Ludwig's pier .. 

 Mackinaw City. 



Manistee 



Manitowoc 



Harqnette 



UasonvUIe 



Lombor. 



FetL 



150, 

 4, 517, 

 6, 200, 

 3, 670, 



980, 

 3, 876, 

 4,825, 

 6,858, 



755, 



200, 



17, 383, 



1,541, 



33, 250, 



70,1 



233, C 



2.'^,(i 



I, 340, C 



5, 182, { 



17, 850, C 



9, 565, C 



90, 166, C 



1, 577, C 



12, 822, 



300, C 



857, 



110,1 



9, 430, 1 



970,1 



1, 295, 1 



103,713,1 



125,1 



275,1 



165, 217, 1 



70,1 



2,411 



1, 030, 1 



Shingles. 



Numher, 



1, 311, 000 



100, 000 



650,000 



Points of shipment 



Menominee 



Monastiqno 



Muskegon 



North Bay 



Oconto 



Ontonagon 



Oscoda 



Packard's pier 



Paul's pier 



Pensaakee 



Pentwater 



Perry's pier 



Pesbtigo 



Pierport 



Point Saint Ignace 



Portage Lake 



Port Huron 



Port Sheldon 



EedEiver 



Eogers City , 



Saginaw Eiver 



Saint Joseph , 



Saugatuck 



Sault Ste. Marie. . . 



Silver Lake 



South Haven 



sturgeon Bay 



Snamico , 



Traverse 



Whitcflsh Bay 



AVhitcLake 



Total 



Receipts by rail 



Grand total . . . 



Lnraber. 



Feet. 



2'25, 110, OOO 



202, 000 



451, 854, 000 



110,000 



11,003,000 



2, 503, 800 



739, 000 



2, 681, 000 

 500,000 



6, 866, 000 



9, 596, 000 



45, 000 



51,600,000 



3, 355, 000 

 12, 985, 000 



735,000 

 344, 000 

 180, 000 

 200, 000 



1, 066, 000 

 11,926,000 



1, 662, 000 



4, 014, 000 

 522, 000 



2, 185, 000 

 3, 650, 000 



11, 640, 000 

 3,065,000 



23, 280, 000 

 730, 000 



C8, 603, 000 



Shingles. 



1, 419, 974, 000 

 145,583,118 



1,565,537,118 



Numher. 

 700, 000 



23, 660, 000 



395, 000 

 2, 886, 000 



3, 190, 000 

 25, 572, OCO 



7, 920, 000 



3, 857, 000 



4, 000, 000 



600,000 



300, 000 



19, 978, 000 



2,480,000 



24, 758, 000 



583,340,000 

 87,582,500 



650,922,600 



