14 



Agricultural Experiment Station [Bulletin 2>2)7 



The figures used for spruce, swamp cedar, and tamarack types 

 are the same for the future as the present, growth rates being deter- 

 mined by the Forest Service survey. These types are to be found 

 mostly on wet sites and it is questionable whether any appreciable in- 

 crease in increment could be expected, except maybe as the result of 

 drainage. In most cases such an undertaking would be very costly 

 and results uncertain. 



It is assumed that stands of such species as aspen and i)aper birch 

 will not occur when woodland is managed. In any case, it Avould be 

 impossible to tell where they would be found in the future. Areas 

 now occupied by these species have been classified according to the 

 type that management should attempt to establish there in the future. 



INCOME 



The total gross cash income received from the sale of forest i)rod- 

 ucts, including maple products, by the 80 selected farms during the 

 period March 1, 1935 to March 1, 1940 was $55,826. It is significant, 

 however, that 5 percent of the farms received 55 percent of this total. 

 Forty-one percent of the farms made no sales of forest products (See 

 Table 4). 



Table 4. Distribution^ 



from forest product sales, 1935-40. 



Income 

 class 



None 



1 - 100 



101 - 200 



201 - 300 



301 - 400 



401 - 500 



501 - 1000 



1001 - 2000 



2001 - 3000 



over 3000 



Percentage 



of total 



farms 



Income 



from 



forest 



products 



Dollars 



797 



604 



1447 



1446 







7065 



6722 



7164 



30581 



Percentage 



jf total income 



from forest 



products 



Percent 



1 

 1 

 3 

 3 







12 

 12 

 13 



55 



Total 



80 



100 



55826 



100 



^The group with individual incomes from sale of forest products amounting to more than $3000 

 was composed of operators of large farms. The smallest income reported by any of the four 

 operators was $4800, two others sold products valued at $6086 and $7320 and the largest income 

 reported was $12,375. 



There are several reasons for the unequal distribution of income. 

 Possibly the most important is the length of the period for which 

 data were collected. Cuttings of any one farm are usually periodic 

 and several years apart. Had it been feasible to get information cover- 

 ing a longer time, the distribution might have been difi^erent. There 

 would still be a number with a very small income from this source, 

 however, because of the lack of woodland, poor condition of growing 

 stock, unwillingness to sell at existing prices, and alternative employ- 



