28 Agricultural Experiment Station [Bulletin 337 



years. When the cut becomes sufficiently heavy to demand additional 

 labor" it can be secured on a contract basis to do the cutting. The 

 operator then will find it advantageous to use the regular farm labor 

 force and the four horses for yardmg and for procuring the home fuel 

 supply. Any remaining time can be used for cutting pulpwood. In 

 this way it will be convenient for him to maintain close supervision 

 over the cutting operation and at the same time make the best use of 

 labor and equipment. 



There is a woodlot of 61 acres fairly well-stocked with spruce and 

 fir, within one mile of the farm. This can probably be bought for 

 $2.00 an acre for the land and $2.50 a cord for the stumpage. It is 

 suggested that this woodlot be purchased by the operator and man- 

 aged along with his other woodland. 



Cutting practices should be essentially the same on this area as 

 on his home lot. The cut for the first few years will be somewhat 

 larger because of the far better condition of this lot from the stand- 

 point of merchantable timber and reproduction. A light single tree 

 selection cutting is suggested, removing fir or inferior spruce trees 

 where better individual trees will benefit from the increased growing 

 space. Crown development is essential to rapid growth and a light 

 removal should result in a greatly accelerated increment. 



Because of limited acreage, good growing conditions and the 

 nature of the farm business, rather intensive woodland management 

 by proper harvesting appears advisable on both the home farm and 

 the purchased lot. The ultimate objective should be the development 

 of an all-aged forest. This type of forest requires less capital growing 

 stock than the even-aged forest for the same production. It also per- 

 mits frequent light cuttings on the same area, thus keeping loss due 

 to natural causes at a minimum and permitting the operator to har- 

 vest all the wood grown for sale or for home use. 



The immediate efifect of the purchase of the 61 acres of woodland 

 on farm income, in addition to meeting farm demands for fuel, is es- 

 timated as follows : 



Additional cash receipts, 16 cords @ $7.00 $112 



Additional cash expense: 



Interest. $1200 @ 5% '" $60.00 



Taxes 33.00 93 



Additional net cash income $ 19 



At the same time the stand would be improving and at the end of 

 about 25 years the income to be expected from the 61 acres would be 

 approximately as follows : 



" Two-man farms in the area tend to have less livestock or smaller enterprises generally than 

 Farm B; for this reason many farmers will be able to do all woods work with normal labor 

 supply. Others can use this as a means of employing during slack periods the labor supply 

 essential to the proper carrying on of other farm enterprises. 

 '" It has been assumed that money for the purchase of the additional woodland acreage must be 

 borrowed at the going rate of interest for such a loan, namely 5 percent. It has also been 

 assumed that the loan will be amortized over a period of years from the sales of forest products 

 but that amortization will be delayed until management has built up present depleted growing 

 stocks. 



