ORDERS. 43 



3. SCANSORES, (grimpeurs,) climbers ; includ- 

 ing those birds -whose outer toe is directed back' 

 wards with the thumb-toe, by which they are sup- 

 ported in climbing and in fastening themselves fa 

 trunks of trees. 



Examples. Woodpecker, wryneck, cuckoo^ 

 barbet, parrot, parrakeet. 



4. GTALLINACES, including all gallinaceous or 

 henlike birds. Forward toes united partially at the 

 base and jagged along their edges. 



Examples. Peacock, turkey, pheasant, hen^ 

 grous, patridge, quail, pigeon. 



5. GRALLATORES, (echassiers,) large-stepping 

 birds, mostly with, the two outer toes partially 

 united. 



They either wade in water or ruu on dry land. 

 The strong-billed kind mostly live on fish ; those 

 with slender bills feed on insects. 



Examples, Ostrich, lapwing, plover, oyster- 

 catcher, crane, stork, heron, boat-bill, ibis, spoon- 

 bill, woodcock, curlew, sand-piper, screamer, rail, 

 coot, water-hen, flamingo. 



6. ANSERES, (palinipedes,)ye palmate^ most- 

 ly having the toes connected by membranes^ and 



formed for swimming 



Examples. Diver, merganser, auk, penguin, 

 petrel, albatross, gull, tern, skimmer, pelican ; 

 goose, duck, swan* 



III. CLASS AMPHIBIA 



IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR ORDERS. 



1. CHELONIA, reptiles with two auricles to the 

 heart ; having back shells and four feet. 



