:.j8 llon.iiV AMKKH AN WOODS. 



A second class of Flo/rt /'i/i;/ Pl<intx and comprising the rest of tin* group is the 

 Kit '/</'/< nous or Monocotyledon onx I'lu.ntx, characterized by having stems in which the 

 wood occurs as threads or bundles running through a cellular, pith -like tissue, BO that 

 a transverse section exhibits the wood as dots and not in concentric ring's. Leaves 

 mostly parallel veint-d. Ftnbryo with single cotyledon, or rarely two, and then alter. 

 nate and unequal. Parts of the Hower generally in threes. In southern Tnited 

 States and elsewhere in or near the tropics trees are found, such as the Palms, etc., 

 which belong to this class, but none that we have to do with at present. 



Exogenous plants are subdivided info two well-marked groups or sub- 

 classes Anyiospcrmce and Gymnospcrinw. The former includes by far 

 the greater part, of (be Flowering Plants, and is represented in Part I of 

 tills work by eighteen species. Let it be understood, therefore, that its 

 characters, omitted in further descriptions, apply equally to all the species 

 up to and including the eighteenth. 



ANGIOSPKRM/E. 



Flowering, exogenous plants in which there is a complete pistil with 

 stigma and closed ovary containing ovules which develop into seeds at 

 maturity. This sub-class comprises many groups of plants known as 

 Order*, a few of which will be 1 taken up in the following pages. Con- 

 sidering them in the sequence commonly accepted by botanists, we will 

 first characterize the 



(M;m;i; MAGNOLIACE^E: MAGNOLIA FAMILY. 



/Vc/rr.s- alternate, simple, coriaceous, entire or lobed (never toothed), marked with 

 minute transparent dots, feather- veined; leal' buds covered with membranous 

 stipules, which .'-non fall away. l^loiri y\ single, large, polypetalous. polyandrous, 

 polygamous, hypogenous, perfect; sepals and petals colored alike, in three or more 

 circles of three each, imbricated in the bud, deciduous; anthers adnate; pistils 

 numerous, packed together and covering the elongated receptacle, and forming in 

 Fruit a sort of fleshy OL dry cone containing one or two .seeds in each carpel, with a 

 minute embryo in fleshy albumen. 



Trees or shrubs with aromatic and bitter bark. 



L<<II-<X folded lengthwise in the bud, embracing and embraced bv the sheathing 

 stipules. Leaf buds conical. /<7o//vr.v large, fragrant; sepals :!; petals b'-9; anthers 

 longer than the filaments and opening inward; carpels !3-valved and '.'seeded, aggre- 

 gated and coherent in a mass. /*'/>/// a fleshy, somewhat woodv cone, each carpel 

 opening at maturity along ji s back, letting out its 1 or 2 berry like seeds, sus- 

 pended each by a long, extensile thread. 



Trees and shrubs, ((ieniis named in compliment to Prof. Pierre Magnol, an early 

 French botanist.) 



i. MAGNOLIA ACUMINATA, L. 



Cl< T.MI'.KK TlJKK, MoCNTAJN MAUNOUA. 



(f cr., Jjanrjgvxpif-ztv Magnolia; Fr., Magnolia a feuillcs pointer; Sp., 



Magnolia a ami in ad a . 



Srr.riKtr CHARACTERS: Lir,x scattered along the branches (i. e., not gathered 

 exclusively at the tips, as in some Magnolias), oblong or oval, acuminate, green 



