68 HOUGH'S AMERICAN WOODS. 



19. PINUS RESINOSA, AIT. 



RED PINE, " NORWAY " PINE. 

 Ger., Harzige Fi elite; Fr., Pin rouge; Sp., Pino rizado. 



SPECIFIC CHAKACTERS: Leaves 5-8 in. (13-20 cm.) long, dark-green, arranged in 

 pairs, with a close sheath 6-12 lines (1-3 cm.) in length, enveloping the base of each 

 pair. Fruit an ovoid-conical, terminal cone, with rounded base, about 2 in. (5 cm.) 

 or more in length, and with slightly thickened, awnless scales, falling after shedding 

 the seeds which are slightly ridged beneath; cotyledons 6-7. 



(The specific name, resinosa, is the Latin for resinous.) 



A tree of handsome,, vigorous aspect, commonly attaining the height 

 of 80 ft. (24 m.) or more, with a straight, uniform trunk 2 ft. (.61 m.) 

 in diameter and covered with reddish bark, which constantly flakes off, 

 when old, in rather small, irregular scales. 



HABITAT. Northern United States and Canada, southward as far as 

 into Pennsylvania, and said to reach its greatest development in Michi- 

 gan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, growing in dry, sandy loam, particularly 

 along ridges. 



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. Wood light, not very strong, elastic, resin- 

 ous and durable, harder than the White Pine, with yellowish-white sap- 

 wood, slightly reddish heart and very conspicuous grain. Specific 

 Gravity, 0.4854; Percentage of Ash, 0.27; Relative Approximate Fuel 

 Value, 0.4841; Coefficient of Elasticity, 113216; Modulus of Rupture, 

 800; Resistance to Longitudinal Pressure, 455; Resistance to Indenta- 

 tion, 85; Weight of a Cubic Foot in Pounds, 30.25. 



USES. The principal value of this timber is in its usefulness for flooring, 

 wainscoting, etc., for which its hardness renders it excellent. It is also 

 used in localities for pump-logs, piles, ship-building, etc. Notwithstanding 

 the inference one might draw from the specific name, resinosa, resinous, 

 very little, if any, of the resin or turpentine of commerce comes from 

 this tree. 



MEDICINAL PROPERTIES. None are ascribed to this species. 



GENUS ABIES, TOUKN. 



Leaves evergreen, solitary, scattered (not clustered nor sheathed at the base), short, 

 all of one kind and foliaceous. Flowers appear in spring. Sterile flowers in catkins, 

 scattered, or somewhat clustered in the axils of the leaves of the preceding year. 

 Fertile flowers in catkins or cones, which are lateral or terminal on the shoots of the 

 preceding year. Fruit a cone, maturing in the autumn of the first year, otherwise 

 quite as described for Genus Pinus, excepting the scales are thin and flat (neither 

 thickened nor furnished with a spur at the apex); seed with a persistent wing; coty- 

 ledons 3-9. 



(Abies is an ancient Latin name of the Fir-tree.) 



