294 MANUKAO HARBOUR. [PART II. 



crydium cupressinum, plumosum, Phyllocladus tri- 

 chomanoides, Podocarpus miro) ; larger trees of the 

 graceful and acacia-like Dacrydium plumosum are 

 scarce ; in fact, this pine seems to grow only to a 

 very moderate size. Several creeks, capable of turn- 

 ing mills, flow into the harbour. 



The north head of Manukao is formed by three 

 rugged conical hills : inside the outer head the 

 coast presents a bold rocky precipice, alternating 

 with small secluded bays; but a vigorous vegeta- 

 tion covers them to the water's edge, and kauri- 

 trees have grown in places where the precipice is 

 inaccessible on account of its rapid declivity. About 

 three miles from the outer headland, the coast 

 sweeps at a right angle round a cliffy inner head- 

 land, thus forming a neck of land about three 

 miles long and as many broad. Round this inner 

 headland, close in-shore, is the best anchorage in 

 the harbour, perfectly sheltered from the N.W. 

 and S.W. winds A swell, which would be liable 

 to set in from the harbour itself, is broken by a 

 long sandbank occupying the centre of the basin. 



This place is called Karanga-hawe, and is part 

 of the land claimed by the Manukao New Zealand 

 Company : it has now no inhabitants, as almost the 

 whole of its former possessors a tribe, belonging 

 to the Nga-te-whatua have been exterminated : 

 the remains of their village and plantations are still 

 to be seen. 



The southern shore of the harbour consists of 



