A T R 



nations under heaven ? ai.d yet Dr Priestley could 

 discover no vestiges of such a practice ! 



The deatli of Christ, according to Priestley and 

 his followers, was intended to give us a proof of our 

 resurrection and immortality, By his rising from the 

 dead. But surely these doctrines were not so new, 

 nor so uncommon, as to require such a proof: the 

 doctrine of a resurrection was familiar to the Jews ; 

 and they had seen several actual proofs of its possi- 

 bility : and the doctrine of the soul's immortality was 

 received among all nations. Dr Priestley, indeed, 

 who affirmed the soul to be nothing but a combina- 

 tion of matter, might reckon some extraordinary evi- 

 dence necessary to prove its future existence : But 

 the bulk of mankind did not deem such a proof ne- 

 cessary ; for they had always believed in the soul's 

 immortality. We do not deny that this doctrine, as 

 well as many others connected with morality and re- 

 ligion, received the strongest confirmation by our 

 Lord's instructions, death, and resurrection. But 

 no one who receives the scriptures as the word of 

 God, or indeed in any other sense, can fail to ob- 

 serve, that the great end of our Lord's death is uni- 

 formly stated to be, that he might make an atone- 

 ment for the sins of men ; nor can we see how his 

 death, in any other view, should have at all been ne- 

 cessary ; for all the other parts of his mission might 

 have been completely accomplished without it. See 

 Magee On the Atonement, and Theology, (g) 



ATOOI, Attowa, Attoway, or Towi, one of 

 the largest of the Sandwich Islands, situated in the 

 Pacific Ocean, in one of the new divisions of the globe 

 called Polynesia. According to some accounts, it is 

 about thirty miles long from east to west, while 

 others make it about 300 miles in circumference. 

 On the east side, the island rises with a gentle accli- 

 vity from the sea, and terminates in high land near the 

 centre of the island. The elevated grounds are clothed 

 with lofty trees, with the most luxuriant foliage ; 

 but, on descending to the eastern coa6t, the land is 

 uncultivated, and almost deserted by the inhabitants. 

 On the western shore the ground is more fertile, and 

 the population more numerous. The chief produc- 

 tions of the island are sweet potatoes, yams, sugar- 

 cane, pepper, and a kind of oily nuts, which are 

 stuck upon skewers, and used by the natives as can- 

 dles. The island affords plenty of fresh water. The 

 highest part of it is about 2430 yards from the level 

 of the sea. Population 54,000. An account of the 

 manners of the inhabitants, and other general obser- 

 vations, shall be given under the article Sandwich 

 Islands. W. Long. 200 20', or E. Long. 159 10' ; 

 N. Lat. 21 50'. See Marchand's Voyage, vol. ii. 

 p. 80. ; Cooke's Voyages, vol. iii. ; Vancouver's Voy- 

 ages, vol. i. p. 171. (o) 



ATOPA, a genus of coleopterous insects in the 

 arrangement of Fabricius and Cuvier, belonging to 

 the family of ihoracicornes of the latter. See Ento- 

 mology. {/) 



ATRACTYLIS, a genus of plants of the class 

 Syngencsia, and order Polygamia Equalis. See Bo- 

 tany, (to) 



ATRAGENE, a genus of plants of the class Po- 

 lyandria, and order Polygynia. See Botany, (to) 



62 A T R 



ATRAPHAXES, a genus of plants of the class Atraphaies 



Hexaiidria, and order Digynia. See Botany, (to) 



ATREBATES, or Attiu bates, a tribe of the 

 Belgae, who inhabited that country now called Artois. 

 Their capital, according to Scahger, was Origiacum, 

 now Arras. They were a fierce and barbarous peo- 

 ple, who, like the Nervii, their neighbours, scarccly 

 admitted foreigners among them, and valued them- 

 selves on their want of refinement. The Atrebates 

 were enthusiastic in the cause of liberty against Cx- 

 sar, and entertained the utmost contempt for the 

 other Gauls who had submitted to his arms. The 

 quota of troops which they furnished to the Belgic 

 confederacy was 15,000 men, whom we afterward* 

 find as a distinct body engaging some of the Roman 

 legions in a river. Upon the defeat and dissolution 

 of the Nervian confederacy, Caesar set over them, in 

 quality of king, their own countryman, Comius the 

 Atrebatian. This man, who was a crafty time-ser- 

 ving politician, was also an expert general, and held 

 a distinguished command under Caesar in most of his 

 Gallic and British campaigns. He at last quarrel- 

 led with his master, in the hope of acquiring his in- 

 dependence, and received a desperate wound in an 

 action, where he was left on the field for dead. Be- 

 ing at last forced into submission, he was pardoned 

 in consideration of his past services ; and, on deliver- 

 ing hostages, was allowed to continue in his autho- 

 rity. 



There is some mention of a people of the same 

 name in Britain. The capital of the British Atre- 

 bates, or, as our antiquarians call them, Attreba- 

 tii, is conjectured, from the name, to be the Calliva 

 Attrebatum of Antonine's Itinerary, which seems to 

 be the same with the Calcua of Ptolemy. This ob- 

 scure tribe were probably a Belgic colony, who, like 

 some other communities on the .British coast, hud ar- 

 rived but a short time before Caesar's invasion. This 

 may be inferred from the influence which Oonrius the 

 Atrebatian was supposed to possess, when sent by 

 the Romans to persuade the Britons to a voluntary 

 submission. Whatever may be in this, or whether 

 the Atrebatian adventurers ever existed in Britain as 

 a distinct nation or not, this people, it is certain, soon 

 disappeared, and little or no notice is taken of the 

 name by ancient writers. They are placed by some 

 of the antiquaries in Berkshire, by others in Oxford- 

 shire, and by others in part of both. Calliva is sup- 

 posed to be the present Wallingford, in the county 

 of Berks. See Caes. De Bell. Gall. 1. 2., ct passim. ; 

 Camd. Brit.; Horsley's Brit. Rom.; Henry's Hist. 

 of Britain, (e) 



ATREUS, king of Mycenae, the son of Pelops, 

 and father of Agamemnon and Menelaus. The ac- 

 counts of tliis prince that are preserved in ancient au- 

 thors, will be found by consulting Plutarch in Pa- 

 rail. ; Pausan. lib. 9. cap. 4-0. ; Senec. in Atr. 

 Apollod. lib. S. cap. 10. ; Hygin. Fab. 83, 88, 258. ; 

 Vnivers. Hist. vol. vi. p. 162, 264-. See also Lem- 

 priere's Classical Dictionary, Art. At reus, (to) 



ATRIPLEX, a genus of plants of the class Po- 

 lygamia, and order Monoecia. See Botany, (to) 



ATROPIA, a genus of plants of the class Pen- 

 tandria, and order Monogynia. See Botany, (to) 



I. 



Atropuu 



