Austria. 



150 



AUSTRIA. 



V 



corps of 47 ,000 men, and are recruited in that king- 

 dom. The frontier militia towards Turkey, consist- 

 ing of 53,000 men, enjoy free lands instead of pay in 

 time of peace ; but the moment they are under march- 

 ing orders, or put on the war establishment, their re- 

 gular pay commences like that of the other troops. 

 Some of these regiments, especially those of the Ban- 

 nat of Temeswar, are very 6trong, consisting of 4215 

 men each. 



Of this number of infantry of the line and militia, 

 Upper and Lower Austria supply about one-tenth, 

 or nearly '20,000. 



The cavalry, 50,800 men, was as follows, viz 



Divis. 

 24 

 21 

 24. 



Reg. 



1. Cuirassiers,.... . 8 



2. Dragoons, 6 



3. Light horse, 6 



4-. Huzzars, 12 48 



5. Hulans, 3 12 



Total, 



Men. 

 9,600 

 8,000 

 9,480 

 18,980 

 4,710 



50,800 



Of these Hungary furnishes 18,000, which she re- 

 cruits and maintains. Austria Proper contributes 

 only one-twelfth, or 4200 men, and has usually but a 

 few battalions in her garrisons. 



The artillery was as follows, viz. 



Reg. 



Field artillery, 4 



Artillery-men, 



Miners, 



Sappers, 



5. Bombardeers, 



6. Pontoneers, 



7. Engineers, M _. 



Total 15,994 



The artillery is furnished with recruits by the in- 

 fantry, or by regular recruiting for the corps itself. 



There are independent companies attached to the 

 army, which amount to 12,000 men, and the empe- 

 ror's body guard, consisting of the noble guard of 

 Germany and Hungary, the former 102 men, and 

 the latter 69, all cavalry ; and of 109 men of foot 

 guards, who always reside in Vienna, and near the 

 emperor's person. 



The army expenditure amounts, in time of peace, 

 to nearly two millions sterling, and in time of war 

 to six or seven millions. The following is given by 

 some authors as the state of the Austrian army, at 

 different periods of the monarchy, viz. 



Men. 

 150,000 

 60,000 

 133,000 

 150,000 

 200,000 



A. D. 



Under the Emperor Ferdinand II. 1629 



Leopold 1 1673 



Joseph 1 1706 



Charles VI 1735 



Empress Maria Theresa, 1746 



Under the Emperor Joseph II. 

 Francis II. 



AD. 

 1788 



1809 



Men. 

 3(;t-,000 

 470,000 



By the late treaty with Fiance, Austria has lost 

 about one-eighth of her population, and one-tenth of 

 her resources ; but she is still a very respectable 

 power, and fully able, with proper management, to 

 maintain her old military establishment, and even to 

 increase it. Hungary alone contains a larger popu- 

 lation than the Prussian monarchy ever did, and is 

 much richer in every point of view, yet that king- 

 dom has never supplied Austria with 100,000 men 

 in any war, and Prussia had, in 1806, a regular army 

 of 230,000 infantry, and 34,000 Cavalry. 



The Austrian empire consists, (in 

 following countries, which see in their 



Austria Proper 



Bohemia, 



Bukowina, 



Carinthia, part of, 



Carniola, part of, 



Croatia, part of, and Sclavonia, 

 Hungary, with Transilvania, .... 



Gallicia, Eastern, 



Moravia, with Silesia, 



Stiria, 



1810,) of the 



order, viz. 



Inhabitants. 



1,708,000 



,000 



250,000 



J'iO.OOO 



20,000 



500,000 



11,500,000 



3,650,000 



1,665,080 



860,000 



Austria. 



Total, 23,32.5,000 



For farther information respecting the history and 

 statistics of the Austrian empire, see Geographie uud 

 Statistik der ganzen Osterreichischen Monarchic, von 

 K. Hammerdorfer, Leipzig, 1793. Special-Slatislik 

 von Osterreich, von. J. de Luca, 1797-8. Statis- 

 iisches Gemdlde von Osterreich, V. And. Demjan, 

 1796. Gem'dlde von Osterreich tiach den Neuesten 

 Statiscken Anvoeisungen, V. Demjan, 1804. Statis- 

 tische S/cizze der Osterreichischen Staaten, von J. M. 

 von Leichtenstern, 1800. Uber die Lage, Grosse, 

 und Volksmenge der erblichcn Osterreichischen Mo- 

 narchie, V. Leichtenstern, 1802. Topographic und 

 Statistik der Vcrschiedenen Osterreichischen Provin- 

 zen, von F. W. Weiskern. Inner Osterreich, von 

 Kindermann, 1790. Uber die grosse und Volksmenge 

 der Ost. Staaten, von Hock, 1794. Bohmen, von 

 J. Schaller, von Riegger, Stransky. Ungarn, von 

 Windisch Schwartner, Korabinsky, Newotny, Ber- 

 zeviezy. Stei/ermflrk, von Cresar, Kindermann, and 

 Leichtenstern. M'dhren, von Schway. Sicbenbur- 



fen, (Transilvania) von Ballman. Gallizien, von 

 loppe. IUyrien, von Engel. Almanack der Kai- 

 serlichen Armee. llof und Staat Kalendar. The 

 Travels of Kuttner, (an excellent work, ) Gerning, 

 Haquet, Esmark, Hoffmansegg, Forti, Nicolai, Ries- 

 beck, S;c. Tableau Statistiuue, de M. M. Raymond 

 et Roth, 1809, &c. See also Bkitaix and France. 



* For the preceding valuable article, and the article Augsburg, the Editor was indebted to his friend the late Mr 

 .Tames Macdonald, a gentleman who was distinguished by the extent of his learning, and the native acuteuess and vigour of 

 his mind. \ long residence in Austria, and other parts of Germany, enabled him to give a faithful and original picture of 

 that interesting country, and the Editor looked forward with no common gratification to the important assistance which he 

 should receive from him in the subsequent part of this work. A fatal disease, however, disappointed the expectations of his 

 friends, and terminated his valuable life on the 18th of April 1810, in the 39th year of his age, when the preceding article was 

 put to press, and when he was about to finish an interesting work on the agriculture of the Western Isles. 



