BAR 



314 



BAS 



BsnIk-Io- studies, he WtBt successively to Paris, Montpellier, and 

 CWi Padua. After an absence of eight years, he re t u rne d 



*"" v ' to Copenhagen ; and from thence he went to visit 

 Casio, where he was honoured with the degree of 

 doctor of medicine in 16+5. The first public situa- 

 tion which he held was the professorship of mathe- 

 matics at Copenhagen, from which he was translated, 

 in 1647, to the chair of medicine, which he filled 

 v. ith great credit to himself, and with great advan- 

 tage to the science. Nearly at the same time with 

 JolhfV and Olaus Rudbcck, he discovered the lympha- 

 tics while dissecting the bodice of live dogs, and he 

 perceived the same vessels in the liver of a fish. (See 

 History of A v viomy). Fatigued with the duties 

 of a public life, be retired, in 1661, to hia estate at 

 Hoggcttatt, where he continued nine years, prosecu- 

 ting with ardour hit favourite studies. By some un- 

 fortunate accident, his house caught fire in the year 

 1670, and the whole of his manuscripts and valuable 

 library being completely consumed, he was compelled 

 to resume the active labours of his youth. The 

 king of Denmark created him his physician and aulic 

 counsellor ; and he was appointed chief inspector of 

 the librr.i y of the university. These new appoint- 

 ments, and the sympathy of his numerous friends and 

 correspondents, soon consoled him for his heavy loss, 

 and stimulated him with the utmost zeal for the prose- 

 cution of his labours. He died in the year 1680, lea- 

 ving behind him a family of five sons and three 

 daughters. 



His principal works arc, Anatomica Ancurismatis 

 dissccli historia, Panormi, 164-4, 8vo. De Angina 

 pucrorum Vampanicr, Stcilietoue epidemica, Neapoli, 



1646, 8vo. De Luce Hominum el Brutorum, et de 

 mr/.i ct admirandis herbis quec noctu lucent, Leichc, 



1647. Vasa lymphatica, mi per Hnffiiia: in animan- 

 tibus invcnla, et in hominc, HaffniK, 1653, 9to. 

 Calalonus operum Suorum, hactcnus cdiiorum, cxtat 

 cum ooservutionibus variis de vivis usti medico, 

 Haffnis;, 1661, 8vo. Damns Anatomica Haffhiensis, 

 1662, 8vo. (.'enturia Quatuor ephtolarum Medi- 

 oarum, republished at the Hague in 1740, in 5 vols. 

 Svo. De insolitis par/its honani viis, HafF. 1664, 

 Svo. Histories Anatomica, Cent. vi. Acta Me* 

 dica et Philosopkica Ha/I'nicnsis, 4 vols. 9to. Sec 

 V under Linden De Scriptis Media's. Hallcr Bibliolh. 

 Anatom. and the Biblioth. Med. Vract. et Chirurg, 



M 



BARTHOLOMEW, an Apostle, and a name 

 which signifies the son of Tholomew. That it was 

 customary, among the Jews, to name their children 

 in this manner, appears from Bartimeus being inter- 

 preted the sen of '/'nints, Mark x. -IS.; and Simon 

 Peter, who is called Bar-jona, Matt. xvi. 17., is in 

 ^ lohn xxi. 15. named Simon son of Jonas. 



It is generally believed, that Bartholomew is the 

 ;ime with Nathanacl, the one his proper, the other his 

 patronymical name ; and it is well known to bave been 

 customary, among the Jews, to give several names to 

 the same person. In support of this opinion, the fol- 

 lowing circumstances mav be adduced. As John is 

 the only evangelist, who makes mention of Nathanael, 

 so he never speaks of Bartholomew, which it is pro- 

 bable he would have done, had they not been one and 

 the same person. When the twelve apostles arc 



named, Philip and Bartholomew are invariably joined Bartfiolo- 

 together; and, as Philip was the person who first n,tw 

 brought Nathanael to Jesu, it is highly probable, B^iLf 

 that Bartholomew is the same person who is by John ' _ f 



called Nathanael. When our Lord appeared, after 

 his resurrection, to several of his disciples at the sea 

 of Tiberias, Nathanael is mentioned among the num- 

 ber j and all the rest named upon that occasion were 

 apostles. (Jofatxm. 1,8.) From those circumstances, 

 it is more than probable, that Nathanael was one of 

 the apostles, and that he is the same with Bartho- 

 lomew. 



In the New Testament no mention is made of hi* 

 station or employment, except that he accompanied 

 Simon Peter, and others, when they went a fishing 

 on the sea of Tiberias. Several of the early fathers 

 of the church tell u3, that he was of Cana in Galilee, 

 (us was also Nathanael,) and that he was skilled in 

 the law. Eusebius says, that he preachedChristianity, 

 with great success, in India ; and that he curried 

 thither St Matthew's gospel in Hebrew, which was 

 preserved in that country with great care, as a most 

 valuable treasure. From thence he ucm iiito the 

 more northern and western parts of Asia, then into 

 Lycaonia, and at last came to Albanople, a city of 

 the greater Armenia. Having converted the king 

 and queen of that country to Christianity, and having' 

 persuaded many of the people to relinquish their 

 idolatrous worship, the priests were so incensed 

 against him, that they prevailed upon the king's 

 brother to deliver him into their hands ; and caused 

 him first to be flayed, and then beheaded, or crucified. 

 See Cave's Lives of the Apostles ; Augustine Tract, 

 in Joan, vi i. ; Euseb. Hist. 1. v. c. 10. (a. f.) 



BARTHOLOMEW, Saint, one of the French 

 Caribbee islands in the West Indies, situated to the 

 north of St Christophers. This island, which is about 

 24 miles in circuit, was peopled by the French in 

 1648. It fell into the hands of the English in 1689, 

 but was restored to France by the treaty of Ryswick. 

 It was ceded in 1785 to the Swedes, to whom it now 

 belongs. Though the soil is rather poor, it produces 

 cotton, the plantations of which have been very suc- 

 cessful, tobacco, cassava, and various kinds of wood. 

 A peculiar sort of limestone found here is exported 

 to the neighbouring islands. The principal exports 

 are cotton, lignum vitas', drugs, and iron wood, and 

 it is supplied from America with flour, dried fish, and 

 fresh and salt provisions. Gustavia, the only town in 

 the colony, is inhabited by Swedes, English, French, 

 Danes, and Americans : The houses are made of wood, 

 and many of them built on stone pillars. The only 

 harbour in the island is L<> CaTCMge near Gustavia. 

 It contains about 100 vessels, but though the moorill 

 are excellent, it will admit only such vessels as draw 

 below nine feet of water. West Long. 62 48', North 

 Lat. 17 53'. See A Voyage to St Martin's, &c. 

 undertaken at the Expense qf'the Academy of Sciences 

 at Stockholm, (j) 



BARTSIA, a genus of plants of the class Didy- 

 namia, and order Angiospermia. See Botany, (w) 



BARYGAZAH. See Ba roach. 



BARYTES. See Chemistry Index. 



BASALT, a species of the trap family. See 

 Geogxqsy and Oryctocnosy. () 



