BON 



657 



BON 



Bonn hometan laws, with the exception of the king and his 



U family ; but though the great people of the state 



Jonner. ^ e Mussulmans, tr.ey are wise enough not to sanction 



""^ religious persecution ; and Pagans and Mussulmans 



consequently live in peace together. 



The Foulahs have a particular language; but al- 

 most all of them speak Arabic ; they are graziers, 

 farmers, and merchants, and every where live in abun- 

 dance ; but at Bondou they enjoy in profusion all the 

 necessaries of life." See Park's Travels, chap. iv. ; 

 Golberry's Travels, vol. i. ; RenncPs Proceedings of 

 the African Institution ; and Durand's Voyage to 

 Senegal, chap. xv. (a. f.) 



BONES. See Anatomy, Chemistry, and Sur- 

 gery. 



BONI, or Bony. See Celebes. 

 BONNE, the Ara Ubiorum, and the Colonia Ju- 

 lia Dona Verona of the ancients, was formerly the 

 residence of the electors of Cologne, but is now a town 

 of France in the department of the Rhine and the 

 Moselle. Bonne is most beautifully situated on the 

 left bank of the Rhine. The streets are narrow and 

 awkwardly built ; and, besides perpetually intersect- 

 ing one another, are dirty and ill paved. The prin- 

 cipal objects of curiosity in this place are the metro- 

 politan church, and the fine area before its porch ; 

 the town-house, in the Gothic style, which is adorn- 

 ed with paintings ; the great rampart, from which 

 there is a charming view upon the Rhine ; and the 

 palace, which was formerly the residence of the elec- 

 tors of Cologne. This palace, which stands without 

 the city, was built by the elector Clement Augustus 

 in 1777, on the spot where no fewer than four pa- 

 laces had been burned to the ground. The prospect 

 which it commands embraces the windings of the 

 Rhine ; part of the village of Poppledorf ; the ci- 

 devant monastery of Gruizberg, on the summit of a 

 hill ; the spires of Coblentz ; and, in the distance, 

 the seven mountains, covered with vineyards. This 

 building is now appropriated for the use of the 

 French government ; and in the left wing, towards 

 the Orange Garden, Bonaparte placed the Lyceum, 

 one of the central schools, which is a very flourishing 

 institution, and conducted by able teachers. Under 

 a quadruple row of lime trees, there is a fashionable 

 promenade, which leads to a small country palace. 



About three miles from Bonne are the mineral 

 springs of Draitsch, which contain fixed air, iron, 

 magnesia, and salt. They are situated at the base of 

 the celebrated hill of Godesberg ; and an assembly, 

 and other rooms, with pleasure gardens, were con- 

 structed on the spot by the late elector, for the com- 

 fort of those who frequented the springs. These 

 buildings, however, are now converted into barracks, 

 and about 3500 linden trees, which formed a fine 

 walk to Bonne, have been cut down. Number of 

 houses 1000. Population 8837. East Long. 8, 

 North Lat. 50 41'. See Carr's Travels through 

 Holland, &c. j An Itinerary from London to Con- 

 stantinople in 1 794, in Philips' Collection, &c. vol. i. ; 

 and Reichard's Guide des Voyageur en Europe, torn, 

 ii. p. 241. (mi) 



BONNER, Edmund, Bishop of London, was 

 born at Hanlcy in Worcestershire, and is supposed to 

 have been the natural son of one Savage, a priest ; 



VOL. III. TART IV. 



though others affirm, that he was the legitimate son 

 of one Bonner, a poor man, whose residence is still 

 said to retain, in that part of the country, the name 

 of Bonner's Place. About the year 1512, he enter- 

 ed a student in Oxford ; and, in 1519, he was admit- 

 ted bachelor of the canon and of the civil law. He 

 next entered into holy orders ; and, by the favour of 

 Cardinal Wolsey, he, at one and the same time, en- 

 joyed the several ecclesiastical livings of Blaydon and 

 Cherry Burton, in Yorkshire; Ripple, in Worcester- 

 shire ; East Derejiam, in Norfolk ; prebend of St 

 Paul'3 ; and the archdeaconry of Leicester. Being 

 more distinguished by his ability in conducting busi- 

 ness than by his learning, Wolsey next appointed 

 him his commissary for the Faculties ; and he was 

 with that prelate at Cawood, when he was arrested 

 for high treason. After Wolsey's death, he found 

 means to ingratiate himself with Henry VIII., who 

 appointed him one of his chaplains ; a favour which 

 he afterwards repaid to that monarch, by promoting 

 his divorce from Queen Catharine of Spain, and by 

 his assistance in abrogating the pope's supremacy in 

 England. He was also a great favourite of Lord 

 Cromwell, the secretary of state ; by whose recom- 

 mendation he was sent as ambassador to several 

 courts. Being a man of a bold temper, he was, in 

 1532, chosen as a fit person to go to Rome, along 

 with Sir Edward Karne, to apologise for Henry's 

 non-appearance upon the pope's citation ; and, in the 

 following year, he was again sent to Rome, to deliver 

 his sovereign's appeal to the next general council, 

 from a sentence of excommunication pronounced by 

 the pope against Henry on account of his divorce. 

 On that occasion, Bonner demanded an audience of 

 the pope, and executed his sovereign's commission so 

 rudely, that the pope threatened to cause him to be 

 thrown into a cauldron of melted lead : upon which 

 he thought proper to make his escape. Having re- 

 turned to England, and being at that time in high 

 favour with the reformers, he was, upon their appli- 

 cation, promoted, first to the see of Hereford, and 

 next to that of London ; which they found reason 

 afterwards deeply to regret, when he became a most 

 violent enemy of the Reformation. 



He was ambassador at the court of Charles V., in 

 1547, when Henry died ; and although, during that 

 reign, he had appeared very zealous against popery, 

 and had strenuously supported all the measures of his 

 sovereign for abrogating the pope's supremacy, yet 

 his subsequent conduct showed, that he had had his 

 own preferment solely in view ; for, in that same 

 year, on the accession of young Edward VI., he re- 

 fused to take the oaths of abjuration and allegiance, 

 and entered a protest against the king's injunction, 

 and against the homilies. For this he was committed 

 to Fleet prison ; but having submitted and recanted, 

 he was released. He now saw, that it would be ne- 

 cessary for him to give a public compliance with the 

 measures taken to advance the Reformation, while, 

 privately, he did every thing in his power to counter- 

 act them. He was summoned before the privy 

 council, and admonished ; but, as his after conduct 

 clearly evinced, that he supported the church of 

 Rome, and that he despised the king's authority, 

 commissioners were appointed to proceed agaitut 

 4 O 



Bonner. 



