C74 



BOOK-KEEPING. 



Book- 



Keepinp. 



t>3J id' 



property at tlie cotnmejicement, and any gain or loss 

 not arising from business, service, or engagement. 



45. But, to know the total state, another operation 

 is necessary, called the Balancing of the Books, which 

 is done by forming a balance sheet ; this has hitherto 

 been confined to the Leger ; its nature, and check in 

 the Leger, will be explained in Chap. VII. 73. 



16. The accounts in this book consist of two 

 parts ; the two pages of the book, as it lies open, be- 

 long to the same account ; that to the left is called 

 the Debtor side, that to the right the Creditor side. 



47. The debtor side is opened by the title of the 

 account, and the word debtor, and the creditor side, 

 thus, 



Claret, Br. Contra, Cr. 



48. The accounts are opened in it in the order in 

 which they are in the Journal ; and are transferred to 

 it by the direction to the marginal reference in the 

 page of the Leger, in which the debtor and creditor 

 titles respectively arc, 27. 



49. This book has an alphabet for all the accounts : 

 Each kind of wares is classed by its name ; each ge- 

 neral title by its name ; and each person by the sir- 

 name, with the Christian name annexed. 



50. It is ruled with three columns to the right 

 side of each page, and immediately to the left of these 

 with a column of reference to the correspondent folio 

 of the Leger. 



And next are the inner columns respectively for 



.Marks, 



Quantity, 



Foreign money, 



Domestic money attended with loss and gain, 



The sum specified in bills and notes, and day of 

 payment. 

 It is ruled on the left side of each page with a line, 

 which, with the margin, leaves a space for the name 

 of the month, and a line to leave a space for the day 

 of the month. 



To which it will be convenient to add another line 

 for the Journal folio page in which the transaction 

 was entered ; it is obvious, that the transactions of 

 an extensive business may occupy several folios ; in 

 any other case, the day of the month will answer. 



51. The circumstances to be entered on the re- 

 spective side of the two titles, when there is but one 

 debtor and one creditor, or on the respective side of 

 the titles, when there are several debtors and credi- 

 tors. 



52. On the left hand 



' page, 



The Leger title of the 

 account being entered, the 

 following circumstances 

 are to be observed in ma- 

 king the entry : 



1st, The date; 



2d, The Journal folio ; 



3d, Kach creditor title, 

 , which is the cause of this en- 

 try;* 



And on the right hand 

 page the words, 



Contra, Cr. 



Being entered, 



1st, The date; 

 2d, The Journal folio ; 

 3d, Each debtor title, which 

 is the cause of this entry ; 



4th, The transaction be- 

 longing to the title ; 



5th, The mark, quality, &c, 

 or in some ac- 

 counts inner 

 for 



Cth, The 

 quantity, 



lth, The transaction .- be- 

 longing to this Leger title ; 

 5th, The mark, quality, cScc. 

 or in some ac- 

 counts inner 

 money co- 

 6th, The J lumns for do- 

 quantity, mystic or fo- 

 reign money 

 attendedwith 

 *" loss or gain ; 

 7th, The folio of the debt- 

 or ; 



8th, The amount in the mo- 

 ney columns. 



columns 

 domestic or 

 foreign mo- 

 ney attended 

 with loss or 

 gain ; 

 7th, The folio of the credi- 

 tor. 



8th, The amount in the 

 money columns. 



Arid therefore all the entries are formed in a diffe- 

 rent manner. 



CHAP. VI. 



Auxiliary Books. 



53. Having shewn how the transactions are enter- Auxiliary 

 ed in the Leger, the forms of which are followed in book, 

 the Cash-book, in the Book of Accounts Current, 



and in the Book of Charges, some observations are to 

 be made on them, as connected with the Leger. 



54. In the Cash-book are entered on the left side Cash book, 

 the receipts, and on the right the disbursements, 



The Date, 



Consideration, i. e. debtor or creditor, 



Person, 



Specie, 



Sum. 

 Once in a month the total is transferred to the W^ste- 

 book, and through the Journal to the Leger. 



It is better to post it immediately in the Leger, 

 and check it by the folio reference to and ' from the 

 Leger. , 



55. The Book of Accounts Current contains the Book of 

 copies of such accounts as are sent to employers : Accounts 

 they are evidently in the Leger form, though more Cunent. 

 particular than the general entries of the Leger ad- 



When several titles are united in one transaction, the word Sundries is used to include them, Br this method it is im. 

 jjossiMc in the Leger to ascertain the correctness of the cntrf. 



