FORESTRY AND THE PAPER INDUSTRY 



209 



These are the larger aspects of the situation. There 

 are certain direct and simple approaches, however, that 

 call for nothing more than greater economy. The waste 

 which now occurs in the manufacture of lumber is esti- 

 mated by the Forest Service at something over 60,000,000 







NATIONAL FOREST POWER PLANT 



Colorado River Company's power plant on Grand River, showing power house building, and spillway 



flume. This is located on the Holy Cross National Forest, Colorado. 



often sell their hemlock slabs to paper mills for from two 



to three dollars per cord. This is a form of conservation 



that should be given speed and drive. 



So much for the immediate problem of supplying the 



paper requirements of the United States to-day. For the 

 second phase of the problem, that of an. 

 assured future supply of paper within 

 our own borders, there is only one solu- 

 tion : the practice of forestry to keep up a 

 continuous production of pulpwood. There 

 is nothing difficult about this solution 

 if the latent producing capacity of the 

 forest lands in the United States is 

 utilized. There is no reason why the 

 regions now supporting large paper- 

 making plants should not do so perma- 

 nently, as Norway does, if the native 

 resources of those regions are but prop- 

 erly organized and intelligently used. The 

 production of pulpwoods, in fact, offers 

 one of the best opportunities for forestry 

 in the United States because small, 

 quickly-grown material can be utilized 

 for this purpose, and because many of 

 the fastest growing trees, like poplar or 

 Norway spruce, are adapted to it. 



With intelligent cutting and protec- 

 tion from fire, the land will restock itself. 

 Unintelligent cutting that "skins" the 



cords annually. At least 40,000,000 cords 

 consist of coniferous woods, a part 

 of which is suitable for the manu- 

 facture of various grades of paper, 

 although the cost of assembling 

 it in sufficient quantities to support 

 a paper plant is often prohibitive. 

 Experiments at the Forest Products 

 Laboratory' show that much of 

 this waste can be utilized for the 

 manufacture of kraft wrapping 

 papers, fiber board, and other pulp prod- 

 ucts. In the case of saw mills that cut 

 up spruce, hemlock, etc., the waste can 

 often be gathered and shipped with profit 

 to news-print mills. 



The use for pulp of waste material 

 left after lumbering has recently been 

 introduced in lumbering operations in 

 Pennsylvania and parts of the South. 

 Hemlock tops and broken, defective logs 

 are peeled in some Pennsylvania lumber 

 camps, cut into five-foot lengths, and sold 

 for pulpwood. From 250,000 to 260,000 

 cords of slab wood and other mill waste are now con- 

 sumed every year for pulp. In 1908, hemlock formed 

 41 per cent of the saw mill waste used, and its average 

 value was $4.07 per cord, about two-thirds that of hem- 

 lock cordwood in the round. In Wisconsin, saw mills 



The weight of the 

 lying in front of the 

 board feet. 



SHIPPING ALASKAN LUMBER 

 lumber broke down the Hadley Dock in Alaska. The steamer Melville Dollar is 

 dock. This was the first full cargo of lumber to leave Alaska. It comprised 1,200,000 



land, however, may call eventually for artificial refor- 

 estation. Denuded land can be planted with 1,000 young 

 trees per acre, nursery grown, at a cost of about $10 per 

 acre. Some of the paper companies in New England are 

 acquiring and protecting large areas of forest land, many 



