SPRAYING WORK OF THIS SEASON 



237 



the present season, though it may not cover the numer- 

 ous specific troubles which we may also have to meet. 



Spraying For Scale Insects. While the trees are in 

 dormant state, before the buds open, it may be advisable 

 to spray for some sucking insects on fruit trees, and pos- 

 sibly on elms, pop- 

 lars, willows, ash 

 and lilac. 



Some sucking 

 insects, like the oys- 

 ter shell and the 

 scurfy scales, have 

 their young emerge 

 in May and it is 

 advisable to take 

 advantage of the 

 tender state of 

 these young crawl- 

 ing insects and to 

 spray the trees at 

 that time with an 

 oil emulsion which 

 will be more effec- 

 tive than if applied 

 during the dormant 

 season. 



If kerosene emul- 

 sion is applied, it 

 may be used at the 

 rate of 1 gallon to 

 10 gallons of water 

 before the buds open, or 1 to 25 gallons of water, after 

 the buds have opened. 



In the case of scalicide, it should be used 1 to 15 gal- 

 lons of water before the buds open and 1 to 40 after the 

 buds open. 



In the case of fish-oil soap, about 1 pound to 10 gallons 

 of water. 



Spraying For Red Spider and Aphis. During the 

 month of May, it may be necessary to spray some of the 

 evergreens, such as boxwood, etc., for red spider, and in 

 that case one should use fish-oil soap at the rate of 1 pound 

 to 5 gallons of water. The underside of the leaves of 

 beech trees and Norway maples may be often seen affected 

 with soft-bodied insects and in those cases the same treat- 

 ment as for red spider is effective 



Spraying For Leaf Eating Insects. During the latter 

 part of May the elm leaf beetle becomes active on the 

 leaves of the elm trees and the caterpillars of the Tussock 

 Moth and other similar insects begin their work. For all 

 such leaf-eating insects, one should spray the trees with 



COCOOXS OF THE BAG-WORM 



This is merely one illustration of the many forms of winter nests of "leaf-eating insects. 



numerous they are on a single twig. 



arsenate of lead at the rate of one pound to about 12 gal- 

 lons of water. 



Spraying For Mildew and Fungous Diseases. Such 

 spraying may be necessary on fruit trees, etc., and the 

 application should consist of Bordeaux mixture or Bordo- 



lead at the rate of. 1 

 pound to 5 gallons of 

 water before the 

 buds open, or 1 

 pound to 10 gallons 

 of water after the 

 buds open. Never 

 apply the Bordeaux 

 spray while the 

 trees are in blos- 

 som. Pyrox is an- 

 other material often 

 used effectively as a 

 substitute for Bor- 

 deaux mixture. 



A Few Practi- 

 cal Hints For All 

 Spraying Work. 

 The following re- 

 minders during the 

 spraying season 

 may prove of value : 

 Examine your 

 spraying apparatus 

 and see that the noz- 

 zles are clear, that 

 the hose does not leak; that the machinery works well. 

 Always try to spray with a fine mist. Spray thoroughly, 

 covering the leaves on the top of the tree as well as on 

 the lower branches. The Tussock Moth and most of our 

 other leaf-eating insects feed on the under side of the 

 leaves and, therefore, all spraying for such insects must 

 be applied to the under side of the leaves. 



Keep the mixture within the spraying tank thoroughly 

 stirred. Do not spray on a wet day or at a time when 

 you anticipate rain. 



Be more careful with contact poisons because too 

 strong a solution will burn the foliage and tender bark, 

 while arsenate of lead will have no such effect. 



In spraying for sucking insects try to hit as many of 

 them as possible because it is the contact of the poison 

 with the insect that kills. 



With the foregoing instructions one can get an idea 

 what general spraying he has to do this month, and if 

 any specific questions arise at any time one should take 

 them up individually and obtain definite advice. 



Note how 



ADVICE FOR MAY 



1. Plant evergreens during the first part of May. 



2. Spray for all varieties of insects, including those 

 kinds that chew, suck and bore. 



3. Spray for fungous diseases. 



4. Commence cultivating and watering trees and shrubs. 



5. Complete the removal of trees hopelessly infested 



with boring insects, such as the Hickory Bark Beetle, the 

 two-lined Chestnut Borer, etc. 



6. Examine trees in early May and see that they are 

 free from eggs of the Tussock Moth, Gypsy Moth, etc., 

 and from cocoons such as those of the Brown-tail Moth, 

 the Bag-worm, etc. 



