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AMERICAN FORESTRY 



The Development of 



THE FILE 



A Story of the History, Making, and Uses of this Im- 

 portant Tool. 



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There are hundreds of different kinds of files. Each kind was de- 

 veloped for some particular use. There are mill files, cant files, 

 round files, taper files, warding files, and so on. There are round, 

 square, three-square, half-round, and flat files. There are rough- 

 cut files, middle-cut files, smooth-cut files, etc., hundreds of dif- 

 ferent kinds. Do you know what they are used for ? 



Our booklet, "The File In History", tells about these different 

 kinds of files and their uses. It tells how files are made and how 

 the file has developed through the ages from the primitive abrad- 

 ing tools of the ancients. 



A new edition of "The File In History" is 

 ready for distribution. We will be very glad to 

 send you a copy without cost. 



Write for it. Address your letter to Department B. 



Henry Disston & Sons, Inc. 



Philadelphia, U. S. A. 



PRESIDENT ACCEPTS MUIR WOODS 



On September 22, President Harding by 

 public proclamation accepted and added to 

 the present Muir Woods National Monu- 

 ment, California, 128.14 acres of land, gift 

 to the United States from former Congress- 

 man and Mrs. Wm. Kent of California and 

 from the Muir Woods and Mt. Taqialpais 

 Railroad. This is probably the first in- 

 stance on record of a railroad deeding 

 lands to the United States as a gift. The 

 Muir Woods, a notable grove of redwood 

 trees, (Sequoia scmpervirens) became the 

 property of the United States on June 9, 



1908, when former President Roosevelt ac- 

 cepted 29s acres from Mr. and Mrs. Kent 

 and proclaimed the area a national monu- 

 ment. Located on the south slope of Mt. 

 Tamalpais about seven miles in a direct 

 line across the bay from San Francisco, 

 it contains numerous redwood trees, reach- 

 ing to a height of 300 feet and having a di- 

 ameter at their base of 18 or more feet. 

 The area affords recreation and pleasure 

 to thousands of persons living in San 

 Francisco Bay section and is visited by per- 

 sons from every section of the United 

 States. 



HALL OF FAME FOR TREES 



(Continued from page 712) 



8. One hundred and fifteen years ago 

 this year the Lewis and Clarke expedition 

 camped beneath this Council Oak, nomi- 

 nated for a place in the Hall of Fame of 

 the American Forestry Association of 

 Washington by Mrs. Susie Brown of 

 Marion, Iowa. This great burr oak is at 

 Sioux City, Iowa, and experts say it was 

 150 years old when Lewis and Clarke saw 

 it on their way to the Pacific Coast and 

 there held council with the Indians. 



9. This oak, planted to mark a signing 

 of a treaty of peace with the Indians, is 

 nominated by Charles A. Ingraham of 

 Cambridge, New York. The tree was 

 planted in 1676 by Sir Edmund Andros, 

 Colonial Governor of the Province of New- 

 York. The planting confirmed the sign- 

 ing of a treaty with the Schaghticoke and 

 other Indian tribes. The Governor was 

 accompanied by a body of the King's 

 militia and many eminent men in the af- 

 fairs of the colony. In the party were a 

 thousand warriors, and the ceremony was 

 the most imposing ever held in the Hoo- 

 sac Valley. After the Indians left to 

 dwell at St. Regis, in Canada, 'Queen 

 Esther came annually with her Schagh- 

 ticoke warriors to the former hunting 

 grounds, where they danced about this 

 "Tree of Peace" and placed flowers on 

 the graves of their warriors. This tree, 

 on the Knickerbocker . homestead at 

 Schaghticoke, has a girth of 18 feet at a 

 distance of three feet above the ground. 



RED SNOW IN THE ROCKIES 



Red snow which has made its appear- 

 ance in many sections of the Rocky Moun- 

 tain National Park this summer has at- 

 tracted wide attention from the thousands 

 of tourists who have visited this national 

 playground, says an official bulletin. 



The red snow is seen to the best advan- 

 tage during the motor drive over the new 

 Fall River Road which crosses the Conti- 

 nental divide reaching an elevation of over 

 11,700 feet above sea level. Many are the 

 explanations offered by tourists and those 

 who have seen the snow at about twilight 

 stoutly maintain that its pinkish color is 

 due merely to the reflection of the setting 

 sun. 



Knowledge of the real cause adds inter- 

 est to this curious phenomenon. The great 

 masses of color which appear in the large 

 snow fields in the higher elevations result 

 from countless billions of tiny organisms, 

 which have the power of movement, growth 

 and reproduction ; a microscopic plant, 

 (Protococcus nivalis.) Like many other 

 low forms of life this one has characteris- 

 tics of both the animal and vegetable king- 

 dom, and belongs strictly speaking to neith- 

 er. 



.\ close inspection discloses that the col- 

 or is concentrated in the hollows of the 



