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AMERICAN FORESTRY 



COMMON BARBERRY 

 (B. vulgaris) 



A shrub growing eight feet high, with graceful arching branches 

 and long clusters of red fruit. 



green when mature and turning a brilliant red in the fall. 

 These plants attain a height of four or five feet. 



The flowering dogwood that is so common in early 

 spring all through the eastern half of the United States 

 is also attractive all through the fall and early winter 

 because of its abundant large red berries. The especially 

 attractive arrangement of the branches of this tree in 

 layers adds to its appearance at this season of the year 

 as well as in spring and summer. It will eventually at- 

 tain a height of twenty or thirty feet, but because of 

 its slow growth it can often be used where a tree fifteen 

 feet high is desired. Both the red and the white flow- 

 ered forms are free fruiting. Its foliage also is an at- 

 tractive feature in the autumn landscape as it turns a 

 beautiful red before dropping. 



For the northern half of the country especially, the 

 mountain ash is another attractive small tree that has 

 deep orange berries well into the winter. They also have 

 white flowers in early summer. The foliage is also at- 

 tractive, being a dark green ar>d much divided. The 

 most common one in cultivation is the European spe- 

 cies (Sorbus aucuparia), but the American one (S. 

 americanum) is better except possibly along the New 

 England coast, where the atmosphere is particularly 

 moist. This latter is not generally carried by nursery 

 men and so is more diffifcult to procure. 



The southeastern section of the United States has an- 



other most handsome group of plants that are evergreen 

 as well as having berries that hold all winter. These 

 are the hollies, of which some thrive along the coast as 

 far north as Boston. The largest and handsomest of 

 these is the American holly, that is native as far north 

 as Long Island and grows in protected places throughout 

 southern New England, and as far north as Cincinnati 

 and St. Louis. This is a handsome plant that eventually 

 makes a large tree, but because of its comparatively slow 

 growth may be used to advantage where an evergreen 

 is needed that attains a height of twenty feet in the 

 northern limits of its range. This plant has the two 

 forms, the berry-bearing and those that do not bear 

 berries. The practice of grafting these plants in order 

 to insure the berry-bearing form has not been adopted 

 by nurserymen, the practice being more common to 

 wait until the trees are old enough to fruit and then 

 selecting the berry-bearing form. These will not fruit 

 without there is a staminate tree near. This means that 

 in a community where there are not already a number of 

 hollies the planter must be sure to secure both kinds. 

 Because of the scarcity of these plants in nurseries and 

 the uncertainty of being able to get just what is desired 

 probably the sensible thing for the planter to do is to 

 secure several small plants and make a clump planting 

 wherever he is desirous of developing a tree and then 

 gradually eliminating all but the specimen that he finds 

 to have the characteristics he desires for the particular 



JAPANESE BUSH CRANBERRY 

 (V. dilatatum) 



A very rare shrub that is brilliant red and holds its numerous 

 red berries all winter. Usually grows about three feet high. 



