492 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



frequently made in these articles, perhaps a word about 

 him here would not be altogether out of place. It is, of 

 course, one of the well-known facts in natural history 

 that he was one of the greatest botanists and zoologists 

 that the world has ever seen. Numerous biographies 

 have been published of him as well as portraits, and one 

 of the latter is here reproduced in Figure 4. 



Carolus Linnaeus, or Karl von Linne, was a Swede by 

 birth, and was born at Rashult, Smaaland, in Sweden, 

 on the 13th day of May, 1707; he died at Upsala on the 

 10th of January, 1778, or in the 71st ye* of his age. In 

 botany he founded the 

 "Linnaeus System," which 

 is still the one in use, and 

 is ever likely to be, as it is 

 based on the sexual parts 

 in plant structure. He 

 named thousands of spe- 

 cies, genera, and families, 

 and some other groups in 

 biology and botany, and the 

 majority stand to the pres- 

 sent day. Numerous forms 

 have been named for him, 

 not to mention one of the 

 craters in the moon (Lin- 

 ne). In 1732 he journeyed 

 to Lapland, and three years 

 thereafter took up his resi- 

 dence in the Netherlands 

 (1735-38). He held sev- 

 eral distinguished positions 

 as a teacher in Upsala af- 

 terwards, and published a 

 number of very formal and 

 still standard works in bot- 

 any and zoology, especially 

 the "Systema naturae." Al- 

 though his life was not an 

 especially long one, it was 

 filled with most interesting 

 incidents and experiences. 



In our rambles we often 

 meet with very beautiful 

 caterpillars of moths and 

 butterflies, and two ex- 

 quisite pale green ones are 

 shown in Figure 5. It is a 

 most interesting study to 

 collect, properly care for, 

 and feed these various 

 forms of caterpillars, until 

 they pass into the pupa stage, some of them being naked, 

 while others spin a cocoon for themselves, as do the 

 Cecropia, which was recently figured in one of these 

 articles in American Forestry (June, 1918). All such 

 studies are most interesting, not to say important. 



Growing in the same field with our Gerardia, we may 

 sometimes find little colonies of Pink Sabbatia, a very 

 showy and most attractive plant. It may be recognized 



PINK SABBATIA ( Sabbatia angularis) IS ONE OF THE MOST SHOWY 

 FLOWERS OF THE GENTIAN FAMILY, OF WHICH THERE ARE 

 MANY SPECIES IN THE UNITED STATES. 



Fig. 6 This is a fine specimen collected near Washington, District of 

 Columhia, where it is not very common. 



by its sharp, square stem and abundant branching. ( Fig. 

 6.) There is no mistaking its light crimson-pink flowers 

 with their faint fragrance. Another character by which 

 we may know them is the star in the center of each 

 flower, which is of greenish-yellow color. The pale 

 green leaves of our Sabbatia are distinctly five-ribbed, 

 and usually more or less sessile. Other names are given 

 to this striking plant, as Rosy Centaury, Square-stemmed 

 Sabbatia, Rose-Pink, and Bitter-bloom, and during the 

 first part of August is the time to be on the look-out for 

 it, the finest specimens being found near the water. In 



some localities it is still 

 prized for its medicinal 

 properties, and in this 

 country it has some beauti- 

 ful relatives of the same 

 genus, as the Rose of Plym- 

 outh, also known as the 

 Marsh or Sea Pink (S. stel- 

 lar is), and others. 



One of the wonderful 

 places of the suburbs of 

 Washington is its very ex- 

 tensive zoological park, 

 composed of several hun- 

 dred acres. People are not 

 allowed to pick flowers 

 there, though it may be said 

 that there are but very few 

 to pick or to study, as we 

 pass through its various 

 well kept sections and its 

 wonderful game paddocks. 

 These latter often appear, 

 in some places, more or less 

 like the true wilds, especial- 

 ly if the heavy timber has 

 been left in the enclosed 

 area. In Figure 7 for ex- 

 ample, we see a small part 

 of the extensive elk pad- 

 docks, and these noble ani- 

 mals live there summer and 

 winter, much as they did in 

 the Medicine Bow Range 

 back in the 70's. 



There are many kinds of 

 interesting flowers in the 

 marsh-lands in this part of 

 the country, or even along 

 the old Georgetown Canal. 

 Here, on some scorchingly 

 hot day in mid-August, we may meet with great masses 

 of that most curious plant growth generally referred to 

 as Strangle-weed or Dodder. As a plant parasite it has 

 no equal. The historians who write books for nature- 

 lovers have vied with each other in picturing the peculi- 

 arities of this marvelous criminal of the plant world in 

 this section of the country. "Starting out in life," says 

 Neltje Blanchan, "with apparently the best intentions, 



