536 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



NAILING MACHINE FOR BOX MAKING 

 Driving nails by hand and with hammers 

 is entirely too slow a process for modern 

 business. Machines for doing the work 

 have been constructed under various pat- 

 ents. The nails are fed from hoppers, and 

 so accurate is the adjustment that a nail 

 seldom goes wrong though the work is 

 very rapid. 



by cutting and fitting the slats 

 and strips about the article to be 

 protected. The so-called "knock- 

 down" crate is a sort of box 

 made of sticks or slats. One of 



that kind is much 

 used in shipping 

 onions from Texas. 

 It is of lattice work 

 which is intended 

 to give better ven- 

 tilation to the con- 

 tents than could be 

 secured if a box 

 were used instead. 

 Articles like sew- 

 ing machines are 

 shipped in stand- 

 ard crates which 

 may be easily put 

 on and taken off, 

 and they are com- 

 monly returned to 

 the factory for use 

 again and again. 

 Even articles as 

 large as buggies, 

 canoes and farm 

 Jt> implements are 

 carefully nailed up 

 in crates for pro- 

 tection during 



BOX BOARD MATCHING MACHINE 



Nothing about a box factory is done by 

 hand that can be done by machinery. The 

 above cut represents a machine that is em- 

 ployed in working up waste materials, stock 

 of any width and up to two inches thick, 

 the picture is from the American Woodwork- 

 ing Machinery Company, Rochester, New 

 York. 



MACHINE FOR CUTTING BOX VENEER 

 Large numbers of boxes are made of thin sheets of veneer. A machine for making 

 such veneer is represented in the above cut. The photograph for the cut was fur- 

 nished by the Merritt Manufacturing Company, of Lockport, New York. 



shipment. Many 

 articles must have 

 crates of special 

 form to fit their in- 

 equalities. The 

 bicycle is an exam- 

 ple. Very tough, 

 thin lumber serves 

 best for crates of 

 that kind. The long, 

 thin slats must 

 curve round the ob- 

 ject that is to be 

 enclosed. Elm and 

 hickory serve best 

 in work of that 

 sort. 



Trays are closely 

 related to boxes and 

 crates, at least so 

 far as the manufac- 

 turing goes. Kinds 

 and uses are almost innumerable. Fruit trays 

 on the Pacific coast, particularly in California, 

 are in much demand where the heat of the sun 

 is utilized in drying peaches, apricots, prunes, 

 raisins and nectarines. Some mills make noth- 

 ing but fruit trays, while others make both the 

 trays for drying the fruit and the boxes for 

 shipping it. Trays for that purpose vary in 

 size from about two feet wide and three 



SCREW DRIVING MACHINE 



When boxes of extra strength 

 are wanted, screws are some- 

 times used instead of nails, and 

 machines for driving the screws 

 are in use in factories which pro- 

 duce boxes of certain kinds. 

 Machines hold records of driving 

 more than 15,000 screws a day. 

 They are not hammered in like 

 nails, but are revolved as in 

 hand work. 



