tiOti 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



is not nearly as abundant a plant as the Spotted Touch-me- 

 not ; though sometimes it may be met with in masses, as 

 along the Georgetown Canal, about a mile out of the city 

 of Washington. 



Often, in going through the oak forests in October, we will 

 note peculiar globular growths on the leaves of some of the 

 trees, examples of which are here shown in Figure 5. They 

 are green during the spring, summer, and early autumn 

 months, but turn a pale tan when the 

 leaves turn. They have different forms, 

 and one versed in such matters can de- 

 termine which species of insect, or rather 

 its larva, it was that produced that par- 

 ticular abnormal growth through its at- 

 tack on the leaf or leaves. In ancient 

 literature, these excrescences were known 

 Dead Sea Fruit" or "Apples of 



as 



Sodom;" and in California today the 



and upon the uses of tannin and the dyes made from them ; 

 but it need not detain us here, as space admits only of giving 

 their general appearance and how they are produced. (Fig. 5.) 

 Many trees and shrubs in October, in the northern sections 

 of the country, have their leaves turn to gorgeous colors 

 before "the fall ;" chief among the tints are the bright tans, 

 the reds and scarlet, the yellows and the oranges. In many 

 instances, these brilliant colors will be off-set by the remaining 

 greens of the summer leaves. Our 

 maples, dogwoods, and some of the oaks 

 are well known examples ; and in some 

 seasons, when the conditions are favor- 

 able, the Black Haw constitutes another 

 addition to the list. When such is the 

 case, its yellow and scarlet leaves, inter- 

 spersed with those of glistening green, 

 are sure of our admiration, especially 

 when such foliage offsets the beautifully 



IN THE "BLACK HAW" (Viburnum prunifolium) 

 WE HAVE A SHRUB OR SMALL TREE-REPRE- 

 SENTATIVE OF THE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY 

 {Caprifoliaceae), IN WHICH GROUP OCCUR THE 

 \RROW WOODS, THE CRANBERRY TREE, THE 

 WAYFARING TREE, AND OTHERS. 



Fig. 7 Late in September the Black Haw berry is 

 in fruit, and a beautiful example of it is here shown. 

 The ellipsoidal drupes are of a rich blue-black color, 

 and the leaves are finely serrated. 



WE HAVE HERE A SUPERB GROUP OF POKE- galls produced bv 

 BERRY PLANTS. PHOTOGRAPHED in situ IN' . v J 



AN OLD FIELD OF GREAT EXTENT, IN WHICH CvmpS are known 



as "flea seeds." 



formed and dark- 



THOUSANDS OF QUEEN ANNE'S LACE WERE 

 IN FULL FLOWER. 



Fig. The generic name of this Pokeberry Phyto- 

 lacca is an unfortunate compounding of Greek and 

 French words, the first two syllables meaning a 

 plant, and the last two from the French lac (lake), 

 inviting attention to the crimson color of the berries. 



If in the spring 

 one will take the 

 trouble to carefully 

 study the opening 

 buds of the live-oak, or any other species for that matter, it 

 will not be long before curious little wasp-like insects will be 

 observed puncturing the tender leaves, and depositing their 

 eggs in the wounds. A fortnight thereafter, those leaves, 

 which have come to be an inch or more in length, will have 

 upon them, here and there, little globular, bright green bodies, 

 which represent the commencement of so many oak-galls. 

 There is a rich literature extant on the subject of these galls, 



TWO WELL-KNOWN SPECIES OF CLEMATIS 

 OR VIRGIN'S BOWER HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED 

 AS GROWING NEAR WASHINGTON, DISTRICT 

 OF COLUMBIA; THE ONE HERE FIGURED IS 

 THE VIRGINIA CLEMATIS (C. virginiana), AND 

 , , . /T ,. THE OTHER IS Clematis verticillaris. THE LAT- 



colored fruit, (rig. ter occurs as far south as west 



. 0i VIRGINIA. 



5.) Strange to re- 



\nto ftiA hntanir-nl "'* & Clematis is a somewhat numerous assemblage 

 ld.lC, LUC uuiaurctu o{ c i; mD ing plants, together constituting the genus 

 ^Inccifl^atinn n n iir Clematis of the Crowfoot family (Rarunculaceae). 



ciassincaiion now Mosl of them belong in the flora of the !tm 

 in use places this United States - 

 "tree or shrub" in 



the Honeysuckle family (Coprifoliaceae), in which occur all 

 the various species of Honeysuckle ; the Twin-flower 

 (Linnaea) ; the Snowberry ; Horse Gentian ; Elder-bush, 

 and other apparently distantly related plants, though the 

 arrangement or classification can, with success, be readily 

 defended. 



Every one will be likely to recognize the plant here shown 

 in Figures 6 and 10, as it is very abundant in many sections 



