CANADIAN DEPARTMENT 



69: 



CANADIAN DEPARTMENT 



ELLWOOD WILSON, SECRETARY, CANADIAN SOCIETY OF 

 FOREST ENGINEERS 



The next step in forestry progress in 

 Canada will probably be toward the bettei 

 disposal of logging debris. With the ad- 

 vent of co-operative fire protective associa- 

 tions and the consequent great improve- 

 ment in the forest fire situation and the 

 greater knowledge of the causes of fires and 

 the means for their prevention, it is being 

 realized that could we economically and 

 practically do away with the slash from 

 logging operations, one of the most serious 

 of the remaining causes of forest fires 

 would be eliminated. A fire once started 

 in a logging slash is practically impossible 

 to extinguish until it reaches an unlogged 

 section or some other barrier. The uncut 

 forest, except in exceptionally dry seasons, 

 does not catch fire readily and the fire, if 

 discovered soon enough, is comparatively 

 easy to put out. In looking over a map of 

 the St. Maurice Valley showing the burnt 

 areas, one sees right away that nearly all 

 the fires have followed logging operations, 

 showing that the debris is a great menace. 

 Lopping the tops in our spruce and bal- 

 sam operations has been proved by actual 

 experiment to cost practically as much as 

 brush burning, and it is only a half-wav 

 measure. Where the tops are lopped they 

 rot sooner, but for the first year or two are 

 almost as dangerous as unlopped tops, and 

 fires originating in such areas are almost 

 as difficult to extinguish. Burning the de- 

 bris is perfectly feasible, even with several 

 feet of snow on the ground, and is very 

 easy in soft wood operations. For two 

 winters, the Forestry Department of the 

 Laurentide Company has been cutting hard- 

 wood and all of the debris has been burnt 

 without difficulty. The claim that the addi- 

 tional cost is too great might possibly be 

 true if only one operator burnt his brush, 

 but if such disposal were made compulsory 

 by law, all operators would be on the same 

 footing, and it would be no hardship. The 

 claim that has often been made that it is 

 cheaper to spend more for fire protection, 

 instead of burning brush, is plausible but 

 fallacious. Even by putting on many more 

 rangers, it is very difficult to keep fires out 

 of slash, and once started, the remaining 

 timber is almost certain to be ruined before 

 the fire is put out. Our dependence for the 

 future is entirely on the uncut forest and the 

 cut-over areas, on which trees below a cer- 

 tain diameter limit and the young growth 

 are left and these must be thoroughly pro- 

 tected. The whole subject is being care 

 fully studied and as fast as the owners of 

 timber lands can be brought to see the ne- 

 cessity of absolute fire protection some 

 practicable law will be formulated. 



It is interesting to note the increase in 

 the price of pulpwood lands, as shown by 



the recent sale of timber limits in Quebec. 

 Eight hundred and eighty square miles were 

 sold at an average price of $440 per mrle, 

 which exceeds by $100 the largest average 

 price previously paid. The highest price 

 paid was $1,000 per square mile. Quite u 

 portion of the land offered for sale was 

 withdrawn as the minimum price was not 

 bid. A new condition is added to the leases. 

 "The grantees of the aforesaid territory 

 must within a delay of three years, manu- 

 facture annually in the Province of Quebec, 

 with the timber cut in this territory, either 

 pulp or paper, the proportion of ten tons 

 per day. or sawn timber in the proportion 

 of 10,000 feet boird measure a day. per 

 hundred square miles. 



Some interesting efforts are being made 

 in Ontario to reforest sandy hills in that 

 Province. Five thousand, four hundred 

 trees were planted, half the area being cov- 

 'ered afterward with cedar brush. The sec- 

 tion so covered showed the best results, the 

 uncovered portion had many trees either 

 covered with the drifting sand or blown 

 completely out by the wind. 



The Dominion Government is making, foi 

 the purpose of advertising Canada, some 

 very interesting moving-picture films of 

 power and manufacturing plants and public 

 works. The latest one is of the new stor- 

 age dam on the head of the St. Maurice 

 River, built by the Running Waters Com- 

 mission of Quebec, which will be completed 



TIMBER CRUISING 



of all kinila. In all geotlonR. brings ine constantly 

 In tonoh with owners of timber Innds wbaae 

 properties are adaptable to commercial or sport- 

 ing purposes. 



DONALD E. LAUDERBURN 

 154 Fiflh Avenue New York 



NOW RKADY NKW BOOKLET 



TIMBER ESTIMATING METHODS 



Original and Practical Information for the 

 Timber Cnilser. Timber Owner, and Lumberman, 

 giving details of method and cost of Timber 

 Kstlniating based on actual experience on over 

 100 timber tracts. 



Postpaid. BO cents each. 



HOWARD R. KRINBILL 



FOREST B.N-GINEEK NBWBBEN, N. C. 



PHILIP T. COOLIDGE 



FORESTER 



Stetion BIdg., 31 Central Street, Bangor, Me. 



Management and PmUcUon of Woodlands 



Impmiement Catlings, Planting, Timber 



Eslimatea and Mapx. Suroe\)ing 



Tenders for Pulpwood Limit 



CORN CATTLE HOGS 



Three- crop Com Land 

 Virgin Soil 



No Crop Failures 



JOHN L. ROPER LUMBER CO. 

 Norfolk, Va. 



Tenders wil be received by the undersigned 

 up to and including the seventeenth day of De- 

 cember next for the right to cut pulpwood and 

 pine timber on a certain area situate in the vi- 

 'i"'i,?' "?', '". Kapuskasing River in the Districts 

 ot limiskaming and Algoma. 



Tenderers are to offer a flat rate per cord for 

 all classes of pulpwood, whether spruce or other 

 woods. The successful tenderer shall be re- 

 quired to pay for the Red and White Pine on the 

 limit a flat rate of $10 per thousand feet board 

 meas;ire. 



The successful tenderer shall also be required 

 to erect a mill or mills on or near the territory, 

 and to manufacture the wood into pulp and paper 

 in the Province of Ontario, in accordance with 

 the terms and conditions of sale which can be 

 had on application to the Department. 



Parties making tender will be required to de- 

 posit with their tender a marked cheque payable 

 to the Honourable the Treasurer of the Province 

 ?l9^ nrnnn.'"' K"'u Twenty-five Thousand Dollars 

 (?i5.000.0p), which amount will be forfeited in the 

 event of their not entering into agreement to 

 carry out conditions, etc. The said Twenty-five 

 Thousand Dollars ($25,000.00) will be held by the 

 Department until such time as the terms and 

 conditions of the agreement to be entered into 

 have been complied with and the said mills 

 erected, equipped and in operation. The said 

 suni may then be applied in such amounts and at 

 such times as the Minister of Lands, Forests and 

 Mines may direct in payment of accounts for 

 dues or of any other obligation due the Crown 

 until the whole sum has been applied. 



The highest or any tender not necessarily ac- 

 cepted 



For particulars as to description of territory 

 capital to be invested, etc , apply to the under' 

 signed. 



G. H FERGUSON, 

 Minister of Lands, Forests and Mines. Toronto 

 September 19th, 1917. 



NB No unauthorized publication of this no- 

 tice will be paid for. 



WHITE MOUNTAINS, N. H. 



Charming Summer Home and Farm, 1200 acres 

 of virgin timber included if desired. Farm has 

 100 acres; 14-room house with modern improve- 

 ments, furnished complete; keeper's lodge, laun- 

 dry, garage, each with living quarters and bath; 

 workshop with large open fireplace; cattle barns; 

 plant-house; ice-house; wood-house; abundance 

 mountain spring water, absolutely pure, flows to 

 buildings. 



FISH AND GAME PRESERVE 



800 Acres, Fronting on Lake. 



One of the most interesting prospects to develop 

 within 65 miles of New Vork City, Can be pur- 

 chased at very reasonable price; worth investiga- 

 tion; some farming land; good farm buildings. 



WILLIAM H. MILLS 



7 East 42nd Street 

 N=;W YORK 



