TILE DRAINAGE 



33 



It is important in digging to make the ditch just wide 

 enough for the workman to stand in it, the width being 

 gradually narrowed towards the bottom. New hands must 

 be watched in this respect or they will be throwing out 

 more dirt than is necessary, thus uselessly increasing the 

 cost of digging. For a ditch three feet deep a width of 

 14 inches at the top and 8 inches at the bottom is 



Fig. 6. Getting depth of ditch. 



Fig. 7. Laying the tile. 



ample. At each stake the digger gets the proper depth of 

 the ditch by measuring down the distance marked on the 

 stake, as is illustrated in Figure 6. After the proper depth 

 ajt each stake has been secured, the next thing is to grade 

 the bottom of the ditch between the stakes so as to make 

 the fall uniform. This is one of the most important pieces 

 of work in the whole operation, for, if any high or low 

 places occur, the efficiency of the drain will be diminished 

 or perhaps entirely lost. Bringing the ditch to grade is of 

 special importance when the total amount of fall is slight. 



