36 TILE DRAINAGE 



was found that the hexagonal tiles would break nnder an 

 average weight of 1,325 pounds, while the round would 

 support 2,360 pounds. The workmen were asked which 

 kind they preferred to lay and, without giving any par- 

 ticular reason, said that thev liked the round best. 



LAYING THE TILE. 



The laying should begin with the main at the outlet. 

 The first eight or ten feet should be very hard-burned tile, 

 or, better yet, glazed sewer pipe, which are not injured by 

 freezing. The outlet should then be walled up with stone 

 to prevent washing or sliding down of the dirt and an iron 

 grating or rods placed over it to keep out burrowing ani- 

 mals. A very well constructed outlet is shown in Figure 9. 

 The laying of the tile should follow soon after the dig- 

 ging, as the sides of the ditch are likely to keep caving 

 in more or less. The tile are laid in the main until the 

 first lateral is reached; five or six of the lateral are then 

 put in and connected to the main with a Y. Either a Y 

 or a T, but preferably a Y, should always be used in making 

 connections, and the purchaser should be sure to order 

 enough and a few extra for every connection to be made. 

 The main is then continued until the next lateral is 

 reached, connected and started, and so on to the third, 

 until the whole is completed; the main is now ready for 

 filling and the laterals for laying. In pi-aetice we have 

 found that better and more satisfactory work can be done 

 by laying the tile by hand than with a tile hook. Although 

 somewhat faster work can be done with the hook, the tile 

 cannot be as securely and tightly placed. Figure 7 shows 

 the man in the ditch laying the tile by hand. It is some- 

 times recommended to place pieces of heavy paper, cloth 

 or sod over the joints or covering the tile with coarse sand 

 to prevent the washing of dirt into the drain. These pre- 

 cautions are all very good and in some cases may be neces- 

 sary, but in general practice where the tiles are placed 

 tightly together the extra expense of hauling sand and 



