38 TILE DRAINAGE 



ing a tongue to it at an acute angle and putting on handles 

 behind. By drawing this along the ditch the dirt is forced 

 sideways into it. A similar scraper may be used for pull- 

 ing the dirt straight into the ditch with the horses on the 

 opposite side, backing the team when the dirt drops in. 

 The large four-wheeled road scrapers may also be adjusted 

 to do good work. The ordinary plow with an eight-foot 

 double tree can be used very effectively. By turning two 

 or three furrows into the ditch it can usually be filled level 

 full. It does not do as smooth work as the scrapers and 

 some hand finishing must be done afterwards. 



To find the comparative expense of filling by hand and 

 with the plow, 80 rods of ditch two and one-half feet deep 

 were taken with the following results : 



By hand: 

 40 rods, one man, 12% hours, at cost of . . $1.91 



With plow: 

 40 rods, two men with team, 22 minutes, at cost of .18 



Finishing by hand, 1% hours, at cost of . . 1.16 



Total $1.34 



Difference ...... .57 



The above figures show that the ditch could be filled about 

 one and one half cents cheaper per rod when the plow and 

 team were used than when all the work was done by hand. 

 Filling Avith the plow is illustrated in Figure 10. In finish- 

 ing the ditch all the dirt that was thrown out should be 

 piled up on it and rounded over so that it is eight or ten 

 inches above the level. If this is not done a furrow will 

 be left on top of the drain after the dirt has settled. 



CLASSES OF LAND IN NEW HAMPSHIRE THAT WOULD BE BENE- 

 FITED BY DRAINAGE. 



It may be said in general that all lands where the natural 

 drainage is poor or in which the ground water is less than 

 three feet below the surface at planting time will be bene- 



