SUMMARY 15 



The scientific method is necessary in everyday life quite as much 

 as in study and investigation. 



Phenomena are the changes in objects. 



Objects are portions of matter. 



Matter exists in the solid, the liquid, and the gaseous form. 



Matter occupies space and has weight. 



Substances are the kinds of matter. 



Properties are the qualities by which we distinguish one substance 

 from another. 



A portion of space from which the matter has been removed is 

 called a vacuum. 



Matter has three dimensions : length, breadth, and thickness. 



The meter is the unit of the metric system. It contains 39.37 inches. 



The kilometer is 0.6214 miles. 



The liter is the unit of volume. It equals 1 cubic decimeter, or 

 1.0567 U. S. liquid quarts. 



The standard pound weight contains 16 ounces, or 7000 grains. 



The gram is the weight of 1 cubic centimeter of pure water at 4 C. 



The kilogram is 1000 grams. It is the weight of one liter of pure 

 water, and equals 2.2046 pounds. 



The Bureau of Standards keeps the standard weights and measures, 

 compares common weights and measures with the standard ones, makes 

 new standards as new industries demand them, and determines the 

 properties of materials. 



17. Exercises. 



1. Name the so-called "five senses." Are there any senses besides 

 these? Explain. 



2. Name two substances that you can distinguish from each othei 

 by each of the five senses. For ' ' hearing," think of the way we test the 

 genuineness of a coin. 



3. Make a list of ten objects, and write opposite each the substance 

 or substances of which it is made up. 



4. Make a list of all the properties you can think of for each of the 

 following substances: iron, water, sugar, wood, and coal. 



