456 SANITATION 



houses should be killed, and the neighborhood should be kept clean, so 

 that they will not find food or breeding places. 



Mosquitoes hatch in water, and live in damp places. One variety 

 carries malaria germs, another the germs of yellow fever. Their 

 breeding places should be destroyed. 



Food should be handled only with clean hands, and should be 

 stored only in clean places. Tainted food should be destroyed. Food 

 exposed to the dusty air of a city street will be infected. 



Infected milk may spread consumption, typhoid fever, scarlet fever, 

 etc. Milk should be kept cold in summer. If it is suspected of in- 

 fection, it should be pasteurized. 



Preservatives are disinfectants put into food. They should not be 

 used, as they injure the body. 



Public drinking cups, money, public towels and soap, and pencils 

 that have been in somebody's mouth, are infected. 



Typhoid fever germs enter the body through the digestive tract, 

 and develop in the small intestine. 



Tuberculosis attacks the lungs of most people at some time or other. 

 It can be cured, if treated soon enough, by fresh air, sufficient clothing, 

 and nourishing food. 



Spitting in public is dangerous to public health. 



Colds should not be despised, but cured. 



Diphtheria is often scattered by a healthy person who has the germs 

 in his throat, and who infects milk, drinking cups, dishes, etc. 



Antitoxins are substances produced by the body to neutralize toxins. 



Smallpox is an eruptive disease; it is prevented by vaccination. 

 "Vaccine virus" contains weakened germs; these stimulate the body 

 to produce the proper germicide. 



Some other germ diseases are scarlet fever, measles, pneumonia, 

 yellow fever, tetanus, and rabies. 



Quarantine is the isolation of infected persons or goods; it is neces- 

 sary for public health. 



Health regulations should be observed and respected. 



Disinfection destroys germs after a disease, so as to prevent a 

 repetition of the disease. 



Chemical disinfectants are corrosive sublimate, carbolic acid, milk 

 of lime, chloride of lime, sulphur dioxide, formaldehyde, etc. 



