viii INTRODUCTION 



6. Iron spoons ("tin" spoons) can be used for the heating 

 of solids in the flame. 



7. A combustion spoon can be made out of a strip of "tin," 

 about M of an inch wide, cut from a "tin" can. One end is 

 rounded, and is bent up at right angles to the strip; the 

 rounded end may be beaten into the shape of a shallow bowl. 



8. Measuring cups can be used instead of beakers, except 

 when alkalies or acids are to be employed. 



9. Shot of two or three different sizes may be used instead 

 of weights. If 100 of each size are weighed accurately, the 

 student can take the average weight of each for his own 

 weighings. The shot of each size should be kept in its own 

 bottle, and the bottle should be properly labeled. 



10. "Mossy" tin for Exercise 19 may be made from bar 

 tin. The tin should be melted, and poured into a pail of 

 water. 



11. A "tin" test tube, for use in Exercise 37, may be made 

 out of a strip about 3x5 inches cut from a "tin" can. 

 The strip is rolled up into cylindrical form; then one end is 

 pinched shut and turned upward. 



12. Generating bottles for gases (also the bottle for the 

 "Diver," Exercise 13) may be made from glass fruit-jars 

 with metal covers. Make a hole in the cover, fit to it a bent 

 glass tube, and fasten the tube in place by means of a paste 

 made out of "red lead" and glycerine. When the paste 

 hardens, the jar is ready for use. If a rubber ring is used on 

 the can, the cover can be screwed down air tight. 



13. For the color experiments (Exercises 52 and 53), the 

 glazed paper used in kindergarten work is excellent. White 

 paper may be colored by means of crayons, and used as a 

 substitute. 



14. Fehling's solution is often obtainable at a drug store. 

 You can make a solution by dissolving 34.64 g. of copper 



