EEIOCAULACEAE. 37 



3. X. arenicola Small. Leaves with dark dilated bases, 1-4 dm. long, usually 

 spirally twisted: scapes 3-7 dm. tall, somewhat flattened above, spirally 

 twisted: spikes cylindric or conic-oblong, 1.5-3 cm. long, often acute: lateral 

 sepals 8-12 mm. long; fringe of the wing firm: corolla yellow. Pinelands. 

 F. K. 



4. X. pallescens (C. Mohr) Small. Leaves few, accompanied by the persistent 

 purple or brown bases of those of previous years, 2-4 dm. long, spirally 

 twisted: scapes 3-6 dm. tall, spirally twisted, 2-edged above: spikes oblong or 

 conic-oblong, 1-1.5 cm. long: lateral sepals 6.5-9 mm. long, very delicate, 

 narrow; fringe of the wing delicate: corolla white. Pinelands and open 

 hammocks. 



FAMILY 2. ERIOCAULACEAE. PIPEWORT FAMILY. 



Perennial and perhaps rarely annual, mostly acaulescent, bog or 

 aquatic herbs. Leaves clustered : blades narrow. Scapes simple, subtended 

 by sheathing bracts. Flowers monoecious (androgynous), or rarely dioe- 

 cious, densely crowded in a terminal involucrate head. Perianth in 2 

 series (the inner rarely obsolete). Staminate flowers with as many stamens 

 as the sepals or twice as many. Pistillate flowers with a 2-3-celled ovary. 

 Fruit a capsule. 



Stamens 2 or 3, as many as the sepals : petals glandless. 1. LACHNOCADLON. 



Stamens 4-6, twice as many as the sepals : petals each with a 



prominent gland. 2. ERIOCAOLON. 



1. LACHNOCAULON Kunth. Staminate flowers: sepals 3; petals obso- 

 lete; stamens 3; filaments united below, coalescent with a rudimentary corolla 

 or pistil, this with 3 lobes at the top; anthers 1-celled. Pistillate flowers: 

 sepals 3; petals obsolete. HAIRY-PIPEWORT. 



1. Ii. glabrum Korn. Leaf-blades spreading and ascending, linear-attenuate, 

 4-5 cm. long, glabrous: scape 15-30 cm. tall, twisted, glabrous: heads white, 

 3-4 mm. thick: bractlets and sepals ciliate. Pinelands. 



2. EBIOCAULON [Gronov.] L. Staminate flowers: sepals 2-3; petals 

 2-3, each with a gland; stamens usually 4-6; filaments distinct. Pistillate 

 flowers: sepals as in the Staminate flowers; petals much reduced and narrow; 

 stamens wanting. PIPEWORT. 



Sheath at the base of the scape surpassing the leaves, except in the case of sub- 

 merged plants. 1. E. compressum. 

 Sheath at the base of the scape surpassed by the leaves, or 



some of them. 

 Heads 10-16 mm. thick : bractlets, sepals and petals ciliate : 



bractlets acute. 2. E. decangulare. 



Heads 3-5 mm. thick : bractlets, sepals and petals glabrous : 



bractlets obtuse. 3. E. RavenelU. 



1. E. compressum Lam. Leaves ascending-spreading; blades 2-12 cm. long, 

 flaccid, longitudinally striate: scapes 2-10 dm. tall, 10-12-ridged : heads 

 spheroidal, over 10 mm. thick: petals of the Staminate flowers ciliate-fimbriate 

 at the apex or above the middle. Everglades. 



2. E. decangulare L. Leaves erect or ascending; blades 10-50 cm. long, 

 rather firm, finely many-striate, obtuse: scape stout, 3-10 dm. tall, 10-14- 

 ridged: heads globular, 10-16 mm. thick: bracts of the involucre acute: 

 bractlets, sepals, and petals ciliate, or pubescent on the back. Everglades. 



3. E. Bavenelii Chapm. Leaves various, the smaller spreading, the larger 

 ascending or erect; blades 2-13 cm. long, pellucid, attenuate-acute: scapes 



