POLYGALACEAE. 101 



FAMILY 8. MELIACEAE. MAHOGANY FAMILY. 



Shrubs or trees, or partially woody herbs. Leaves alternate : blades 

 pinnately 1-3-compound. Flowers perfect or polygamo-dioecious, panicu- 

 late. Calyx of 3-5 sepals. Corolla of 3-5 petals. Androecium of 8-10, 

 or rarely fewer or more, stamens, with the filaments united into a tube. 

 Gynoecium of 3-5 united carpels. Ovary 3-5-celled. Fruit a berry, a 

 capsule, or a drupe. 



1. SWIETENIA Jacq. Trees, with hard wood. Leaf-blades once equally 

 pinnate. Sepals 5. Petals 5. Staminal-tube short, the lobes entire. Stigma 

 discoid. Capsule woody. 



1. S. Mahagoni Jacq. Tree becoming 25 m. tall : leaflets 4-8 ; blades leathery, 

 3-8 cm. long, entire: petals usually 3-4 mm. long: capsules ovoid, 6-12 cm. 

 long, erect. Hammocks. F. K. (Bah., Cuba, Ant.) MAHOGANY. MADEIRA- 

 REDWOOD. 



Order POLYGALALES. 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled, some- 

 times scale-like. Flowers perfect. Perianth mostly irregular, each whorl 

 of 5, or rarely 3 or 4 parts. Androecium of 6, 8, or 10 stamens, the fila- 

 ments often partially united. Anthers opening by terminal pores or 

 cracks. Gynoecium of 2 united carpels, or rarely of more. Fruit capsular. 



FAMILY 1. POLYGALACEAE. MILKWORT FAMILY. 



Leaf-blades mostly entire. Flowers solitary, spieate, or racemose, 

 irregular. Calyx of mostly 5 sepals, the 2 inner petaloid. Corolla of 5, 

 or often of 3, partially united petals, the lower one keel-like. Androecium 

 of 6-8 stamens, partially coherent with the petals. Anthers 1-celled. 

 Capsule usually 2-seeded. 



1. POLYGALA [Tourn.] L. Herbs or woody plants. Leaf-blades mostly 

 entire. Spikes or racemes lax or dense. Sepals 5, the 2 lateral ones (wings) 

 larger than the others. Petals 3, or rarely 5, the middle one (keel) commonly 

 lobed or crested at the apex. Stamens 8 or 6: filaments united into a tube or 

 into 2 sets. Style curved. Capsule flattened. Seed usually carunculate. 

 MILKWORT. 



Keel without beak or crest. 



Wings greenish or purple-tinged : sepals over 2 mm. long. 1. P. grandiflora. 



Wings purple : sepals less than 2 mm. long. 



Wings shorter than the capsule : capsules deeply notched. 2. P. Krugil. 

 Wings much longer than the capsule : capsules shallowly 



notched. 3. P. corallicola. 



Keel with a papillose or tufted beak. 

 Sepals not decurrent on the pedicels. 

 Wings obtuse. 



Corolla and keel greatly elongate, about twice the 



length of the wings. 4. P. incarnata. 



Corolla and keel short, about as long as the wings or 



shorter. 



Leaves scale-like or obsolete : spikes short. 3. P. setacea* 



Leaves conspicuous, numerous : spikes elongate. 6. P. flageUaris. 

 Wings acuminate. 7. P. cruciata. 



Sepals decurrent on the pedicel. 



Racemes solitary at the ends of the stem and branches. 

 Wings acuminate : larger sepals over % the length of 



the wings : flowers green. 8. P. arcnicola. 



