184 



CAHDUAORAK. 



Ray-flowers with white or colored (not yellow) 



corollas. 

 Bracts of the Involucre In 3-many series. 



Kay-flowers few ; llgules relatively short and 



broad : bracts of the involucre leathery. 

 Ray-flowers numerous; Itgules relatively " lonj; 

 and narrow : bracts of the involucre mainly 

 herbaceous. 

 Bracts of the Involucre In 1 or 2 series. 



Hay-flowers with llgules longer than the diam- 

 eter of the dink. 

 Ray-flowers with llgules shorter than the 



diameter of the disk. 

 Ray-flowers wanting : plants dioecious. 



TRIBH IV. INULEAE. 

 Heads clustered: bracts of the involucre scarlous, her- 



baceoua. 



Bracts of the Involucre broad, mainly persistent. 

 Bracts of the Involucre narrow, mainly deciduous. 

 Heads scattered: bracts of the involucre rigid. 



TRIHE V. HKLIAXTHEAE. 

 Disk-flowers perfect, but not fruit-producing. 

 Achenes short and thick, not flattened. 

 Acbenea markedly flattenr.l. 



Ray-flowers with relatively large conspicuous 



llgules. 

 Ray-flowers with Inconspicuous llgules, the heads 



apparently discoid. 

 Dlsk-flowero fruit-producing. 



Pappus a mere crown or cap, or of few teeth, awns 



or bristles. 



Achenes. at least those of the disk, not com- 

 preHNfil ..A.-.-pt In I'hn, thu*n \ : IUM. -t h-ts 

 mostly concave and clasping. 

 Bractleta of the receptacle mere chaffy awns 



or bristles. 



Bractlets of the receptacle concave or clasping. 

 Ray-flowers wanting: bracts of the Invo- 

 lucre dry. 



Ray-flowers present : bracts of the Invo- 

 lucre herbaceous. 

 Acbenes of the disk neither sharp-edged, 



margined nor winged. 

 Ray-flowers fruit-producing. 



Achenes turgid, those of the disk 

 obtusely, If at all angled : stems 



Achenes acutely 4-angled, or 3- 

 angled in the ray : stems woody. 

 Rny-flowers not fruit-producing. 

 Achenes of the disk thin edged, mar- 

 gined or winged. 

 Achenes markedly flattened parallel to the Invo- 



lucral bracts. 

 Pappus of 2 flmhrlolate awns, scales or teeth, 



or a mere border or wanting- 

 Pappus of 2-0 awns or teeth, upwardly or 



downwardly barbed or hispid. 

 Pappus of numerous scale*. 



Receptacle honeycombed by the concretion of the 



bract lets. 

 Receptacle with distinct bractlets. 



TKIBK vi. 111:1 i:\ii: \i: 

 Plant-tissue* without oil-glands. 



{tracts of the Involucre petal-like, the margins and 



tin* ararlous. 



Bracts of the Involucre narrow, herbaceous. 

 limits r,f th.- liivnliHTf appressed. 



4 i iiriKli-il : disk-corollas with a long 

 throat and a short tube : lobe* long. 

 Achenes 8-10 ribbed: disk-corollas with a short 



13. SERICOCARPfS. 



14. ASTER. 



15. ERP.I 



IB. LEPTII.OX. 

 17. BACCHAKIS. 



IX. I'UTIIEA. 



"OAl-LOX. 



J'i. SA.-HSIA. 



21. ACANTHOSPERMfM. 



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MNV. 



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