CARDUACEAE. 189 



1. S. sempervirens L. Stems 6-25 dm. tall, glabrous: blades of the cauline 

 leaves broadly linear, elliptic-linear, or oblong-lanceolate and entire below, 

 smaller and narrower above: inner bracts of the involucre oblong or elliptic- 

 oblong, over 4 mm. long or more, acutish. Coastal sand-dunes. (Ber.) 



2. S. angustifolia Ell. Stems 3-21 dm. tall, glabrous: blades of the cauline 

 leaves linear to linear-lanceolate below, oblong to linear or linear-subulate 

 above, all entire: inner bracts of the involucre linear to linear-spatulate, 3-3.5 

 mm. long: achenes pubescent. Everglades. 



3. S. Chrysopsis Small. Stems about 3 dm. tall, glabrous: blades of the cau- 

 line leaves linear and entire below, narrowly linear above, all glabrous: inner 

 bracts of the involucre linear-lanceolate, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, acute. Everglades 

 and low pinelands. F. K. 



4. S. tortifolia Ell. Stems 6-11 dm. tall, rough-pubescent: blades of the 

 cauline leaves twisted and often reflexed, linear to linear-spatulate below, 

 linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate above, often entire: inner bracts of the invo- 

 lucre narrowly linear, 3-3.5 mm. long : disk-corollas 3-3.5 mm. long. Pinelands. 



5. S. Chapmanii T. & G. Stems 2-14 dm. tall, fine-pubescent: blades of the 

 cauline leaves spatulate to oblong below, lanceolate to oblong-ovate above: 

 inner bracts of the involucre narrowly linear to linear-spatulate, ciliate, 3.5-4 

 mm. long. Pinelands. 



13. SEEICOCARPUS Nees. Perennial herbs. Leaves alternate: blades 

 entire or toothed. Heads borne in corymbs. Involucres campanulate to 

 cylindric, several-flowered: bracts broad, or the inner ones sometimes rather 

 narrow. Kay-flowers several: corollas with a long tube and a narrow, white 

 or pink ligule. Disk- corollas with a narrowly funnelform throat and a long 

 tube: lobes lanceolate. Achenes slightly longer than the filaments or shorter: 

 appendages lanceolate. Pappus of numerous scabrous bristles. 



1. S. bifoliatus (Walt.) Porter. Stems 3-7 dm. tall: blades of the upper 

 leaves spatulate to obovate, 1-3 cm. long: involucres about 6 mm. high; inner 

 bracts linear-oblong: disk-corollas over 6.5 mm. long: anthers longer than the 

 filaments. Pinelands. WHITE-TOPPED ASTER. 



14. ASTER [Tourn.] L. Perennial herbs, various in habit, or rarely 

 annual, occasionally shrubby or spinescent. Leaves alternate: blades broad or 

 narrow, often enlarged and cordate at the base, entire or toothed. Rootstock 

 usually horizontal and bearing for several years a subterminal tuft of leaves. 

 Lower, middle and upper cauline leaves often gradually transitional to each 

 other in form, often of dissimilar types. Heads with both tubular and radiate 

 flowers, either corymbed, racemed, or panicled and borne on erect, spreading 

 or secund ultimate branchlets. Involucre hemispheric, campanulate, cylindric, 

 or turbinate: bracts imbricate in several series: the outer usually smaller or 

 shorter than the inner, and somewhat herbaceous or otherwise much modified 

 at or toward the apex. Receptacle flat or convex, alveolate and often delicately 

 fimbrillate. Ray-flowers pistillate, with white, pink, purple, blue, or violet 

 ligules. Disk-flowers perfect, consisting of a tubular base (the tube), swollen 

 above into a throat and 5 short lobes: disks typically yellow, usually changing 

 to red, brown, or purple. Achenes more or less flattened and nerved or ribbed. 

 Pappus-bristles usually numerous, slender, in one series or rarely in two series, 

 the tips of the inner ones sometimes thickened. ASTER. 



