CICHORIACEAE. 199 



Spiny plnnatifld outer bracts of the Involucre shorter than the Inner. 



Basal leaves with narrow spine-margined blades : anthers twice as long as the 



filaments. 1. C.vittatum. 



Basal leaves with broad pinnatifid blades : anthers about 



as long as the filaments. 2. O. pinetorum 



Spiny pinnatifid outer bracts of the involucre longer than the 



lnn er. 3 . c. horridulum. 



1. C. vittatum Small. Stems 2-7 dm. tall, thinly pubescent: leaf -margins 

 undulate or sinuate, with mostly ascending spines: inner bracts of the invo- 

 lucre 30-35 mm. long: corollas about 30 mm. long: anthers much longer than 

 the filaments. Everglades and low pinelands. 



2. C. pinetorum Small. Stems 4-9 dm. tall, thinly pubescent: leaf -segments 

 with the terminal spines directed forward: inner bracts of the involucre 28-33 

 mm. long: corollas about 30 mm. long: anthers about as long as the filaments. 

 Pinelands. F. K. (Bah.) 



3. C. horridulum Michx. Stems 3-11 dm. tall, woolly: leaf -segments with 

 spreading spines: inner bracts of the involucre 40-45 mm. long: corollas 40-43 

 mm. long, yellow (or purple in C. horridulum Elliottii) : anthers mostly 

 shorter than the filaments. Coastal sand-dunes. 



43. CHAPTALIA Vent. Scapose small herbs, woolly throughout. Leaves 

 alternate: blades undulate to lyrate-pinnatifid. Heads nodding, at least when 

 young, solitary. Involucre mostly narrow: bracts herbaceous, ultimately re- 

 flexed. Marginal corollas ligulate. Anthers not tailed at the base: append- 

 ages lanceolate. Achenes mostly beaked or narrowed at the apex. 



1. C. dentata (L.) Cass. Plants 1-3 dm. tall: leaves spreading; blades 

 spatulate to oblanceolate, 3-11 cm. long or more, undulate or denticulate, 

 floccose above or glabrous in age, lanate-tomentulose beneath: scapes slender, 

 floccose: involucre lanate, the inner bracts becoming 17-21 mm. long, narrowly 

 linear: inner corollas 7-8 mm. long: achenes slender, the body 3.5-4.5 mm. 

 long, the beak nearly or quite as long as the body. Pinelands. (Bah., Cuba. 

 Ant.) 



FAMILY 3. CICHORIACEAE. CHICORY FAMILY. 



Annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, or partially woody plants. 

 Leaves alternate: blades entire, toothed, or parted. Flowers perfect, all 

 alike, borne in heads. Corolla ligulate, the 1-sided limb often 5-lobed at 

 the apex. Stigmas unappendaged. Achenes flat or terete. 



Achenes flattened : pappus of soft flaccid" hairs. 1. SONCHUS. 



Achenes cylindric or prismatic : pappus of rigid fragile bristles. 2. HIEEACIUM. 



1. SONCHUS [Tourn.] L. Caulescent herbs. Leaf-blades entire, toothed, 

 or pinnatifid, sometimes spiny-margined. Heads erect. Involucre ovoid, or 

 swollen at the base. Achenes flattened. Pappus deciduous. SOW-THISTLE. 



1. S. oleraceus L. Stems 1-18 dm. tall: leaf-blades lyrate-pinnatifid or 

 runcinate, with soft-tipped teeth: achenes 2.5-3 mm. long, scarcely margined, 

 striate and transverse-wrinkled. Pinelands and waste grounds. Nat. of Eu. 

 F. K. (Ber., Bah., Cuba, Ant.) 



2. HIEEACIUM [Tourn.] L. Caulescent or scapose herbs. Leaf-blades 

 entire or toothed. Heads erect. Involucres usually cylindric or campanulate, 

 the main bracts equal in length. Achenes oblong, fusiform or columnar. 



1. H. megacephalon Nash. Plants 2-7 dm. tall, the stem and branches long- 

 hirsute: leaves mainly basal; blades oblong to spatulate, 6-17 cm. long, 

 sparingly long-hirsute and ciliate: inflorescence-branches glandular-pubescent: 

 inner bracts of the involucre 9-11 mm. long, narrowly linear: inner corollas 

 8-11 mm. long: achenes fusiform, 4-4.5 mm. long. Pinelands. HAWKWEED. 



