34 HOUGH'S AMERICAN WOODS. 



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. Wood heavy, hard, easily splitting, with 

 very tine medullary rays and close grain. It is of a rich brownish red 

 color with thin whitish sap-wood, the transition of color from the sap- 

 wood to that of the heart being of uniform gradation. It is when fresh 

 a very handsome wood. 



USES. The wood of the Manzanita is employed to some extent for 

 small articles of turnery and fancy work, as for cuff buttons, fancy boxes, 

 etc. The fruit is said to be eaten by Indians sometimes and it is also 

 an important article of food with bears and certain birds. 



MEDICINAL PROPERTIES are not known of this species. 



OKDER BIGNONIACEJE : BIGNONIA FAMILY. 



Leaves simple or compound, opposite (rarely alternate), exstipulate. Flowers per- 

 feet, rather large and showy ; calyx 2-lipped, or 5-cleft or entire ; corolla rnonopeta- 

 lous, tubular or bell-shaped, irregular, 5-lobed or 2-lipped, the lowest lobe the 

 largest ; stamens 5, but only 2 or 2 pairs being fertile (the others existing as rudi- 

 ments) inserted on the corolla, anthers with 2 diverging cells ; pistil solitary with 

 superior 2-eelled (rarely 1-celled) ovary, long style, 2-lipped stigma and numerous 

 anatropous ovules. Fruit a dry coriaceous 2-valved deliscent capsular pod with 

 numerous large flat and usually winged seeds. 



Woody plants chiefly of the tropics. 



GENUS CHILOPSIS, DON. 



Leaves opposite, alternate or scattered, linear or linear-lanceolate, 3-6 in. or more 

 in length and |-^- in. in width, long pointed, entire, without stipules, light green, 

 smooth or glutinous, involute in vernation ; sessile or nearly so from an enlarged base, 

 midrib prominent both sides and with few conspicuous, prolonged lateral veins. 

 Flowers in short puberulous crowded racemes 8-4 in. long terminating leafy branchlets 

 of the season, with slender pedicels, from the axils of acuminate, membraneous deci- 

 duous bracts and themselves furnished with two similar bractlets above the middle; 

 calyx membraneous, pale-tomentose outside, cleft to the base into two ovate concave 

 lobes minutely toothed at apex and closed before blossoming in an apiculate bud, 

 corolla funnel-shaped, about 1| in. in length and slightly less in width, white shaded 

 into pale purple, yellow- blotched in the dilated throat, slightly oblique, with an am- 

 ple bilabiate spreading limb, having rounded lobes and with erose undulate margin, 

 the upper lip of two lobes and the under of three, the central one longest ; stamens 4, 

 besides the rudiments of a fifth posteriorly located, inserted on the corolla near its 

 base, didynamous, with filiform, glabrous filaments and introrse anthers having two 

 naked diverging cells opening by longitudinal slits, pistil sessile on the anular disk, 

 with slender style 2 lobed at the apex, and 2-celled, conical glabrous ovary, each cell 

 containing numerous amphitropous ovules horizontally inserted on a central placenta. 

 Fruit a slender, thin-walled terete capsule, 6-10in. long, thickest in the middle(about 

 in.) and gradually tapering both ways, dehiscent at maturity by two coriaceous 

 valves contrary to the thin loose partition and liberating the numerous light brown 

 exalbuminous seeds about 1 in. long, winged at both ends with a long fringe of soft 

 white hairs, the embryo filling the cavity with broad rounded cotyledons and short 

 radicle. 



Genus represented by the following single species and name from the Greek 

 ipiS of obscure application. 



