KEY, BASED UPON FRUIT. 19 



i 2 . Ovoid-pyramidal. 

 j. Prickles strong; cones 2 in. or 



Rather less in length ; leaves iy 2 -3 in. long ; branchlets 



purple 89 P. INOPS. 



Rather more ; leaves 3-5 in. long 50. P. EIGIDA. 



j 2 . Prickles weak; cones 2-3 in. long, and 



Wide-pyramidal; leaves in 3's 121. P. SEROTINA. 



Narrow-pyramidal; leaves in 2's 122. P. CLAUSA. 



/A 2 . Markedly oblique 



2-in. or less in length, scales unarmed. . .99. P. BANKSIANA. 

 2-3 in. long, scales armed with strong prickles. 



170. P. MURICATA. 



10-15 in. long, armed with very large, strong prickles. 



169. P. COULTERI. 

 e. 2 Valvate, bractless, wedge shaped, spreading, each with 3-7 inverted 



ovules ; cone woody oval and 

 2-3 in. long, scales usually 25-30 . ... . . .142. SEQUOA GIGANTEA. 



1 in. or less, scales short, 20 143. SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS. 



/. Maturing the first season the autumn after blossoming. 



</. Ovoid or oblong, -| in. long, pendent ; bracts inconspicuous; scales 

 persistent on the axis, thin and with eroded tip. 



20. PlCEA NIGRA. 



0r 2 . Ovoid, small (8 lines or less), pendent, scales rounded and entire at 



tip 21. TSUGA CANADENSIS. 



</ 3 . Sub-cylindrical 



7*. Erect ; scales deciduous from the persistent axis (Abies). 

 i. 2-4 in. long ; leaves 



Less than 1-in. long. 22. A. BALSAMEA. 



2 or more in. long 173. A. CONCOLOR. 



6 or 8 in. long 174. A. MAGNIFICA. 



Nodding, small (about 2 in. long) scales persisting on the axis 



and entire at tip . 100. PICEA ALBA. 



Pendent, l|-3 in. long, scales incisely denticulate. 



149. PICEA SITCHENSIS. 

 / 4 . Cylindrical oblong ; bracts much exserted (Pseudotsuga) ; cones 



2-3 in. long 150. P. TAXIFOLIA. 



5-8 in. long 172. P. MACROCARPA. 



/ 5 . Ovid or roundish, small, 9 lines or less in length, scales persistent on 



the axis at maturity 23. LARIX AMERICANA. 



d?. Scales few, persistent, bractless ; cone 



e. Oblong and erect, with scales more or less thickened, 



Loosely imbricated, 8-12, thinnish 24. THUYA OCCIDENTALS. 



Valvate, 4-6, thick, only two scales fertile. 



141. LlBOCEDRUS DECURRENS. 



e 2 . Globose or subglobose. 



in. in length. 74. CHAIMUECYPARIS THYOIDES. 



1 in. or somewhat less in length 166. CUPRESSUS GOVENIANA. 



tP. Scales not spreading at maturity but breaking irregularly ; cones 



globose 119. TAXODIUM DISTICHUM. 



c 2 . Scales. 



d. Thin, 3-lobed and deciduous, subtending miniature samarse (Betula). 

 e. Cones erect, 



Sessile, ovoid-oblong, 1 in. in length 17. B. LUTEA. 



With downy peduncle, ovoid, smaller 95. B. NIGRA. 



e 2 . Cones suberect, ovoid-oblong ; scales thicker and with short diver- 

 gent lobes ; wing of nutlet not broader than the body. 



44. B. LENTA. 

 e 3 . Cones pendent, cyclindrical and about 



1 in. in length 70. B. POPULIFOLIA. 



1 f in. in length , 43. B. PAPYRACE A. 



e? 9 . Thick, woody and persistent 163. ALNUS RHOMBIFOLIA. 



c 3 . Scales closed carpels, growing from an elongated receptacle and consoli- 

 dated together. 



