219. CUPKESSUS MACXABIAXA MACXAB CYPRESS. 43 



tives of the genus and mentioned under Populus balsamifera. Part 



II, p. 39. 



GYMNOSPERM^E. 



Flowering, exogenous plants with leaves chiefly parallel-veined and cotyledon? 

 frequently more than two. Flowers diclinous and very incomplete ; pistil repre- 

 sented by an open scale or leaf, or altogether wanting, with ovules naked, 

 fertilized" by direct contact with the pollen, and seeds at maturity naked with- 

 out a true pericarp. 



ORDER CONIFERJE : PINE FAMILY. 



Leaves mostlv awl shaped or needle shaped, evergreen, entire and parallel- 

 veined. Flou-ers monoecious, or rarely dioecious in catkins or cones, destitute 

 of both calyx and corolla : stamens one or several (usually united) ; ovary, style 

 and stigma wanting ; ovules one or several at the base of a scale, which serves as 

 a carpel, or on an open disk. Fruit a cone, woody and with distinct scales, or 

 somewhat berry-like, and with fleshy coherent scales, ^seeds orthotropous, embryo 

 in the axis of the albumen. 



Trees or shrubs with a resinous juice. 



GENUS CUPRESSUS, TOURNEFORT. 



Leaves persistent, small, scale-like, decussately opposite, thick, rounded or 

 keeled, adnate to and decurrent upon the stem, usually glandular-pitted on the 

 back, appressed or slightly spreading at the pointed or rounded apex, margin 

 entire or denticulate; leaves on vigorous young shoots commonly awl-shaped or 

 linear-lanceolate and spreading ; branchlets not forming flat sprays. Flowers 

 appear in early spring, monoecious, in small catkins terminating the leafy 

 branchlets : the staminate aments oblong or cylindrical, consisting of a few pairs 

 of decussately opposite, yellowish ovate or orbicular subpeltate scales attached to 

 the under sides of each of which are two to six subglobose pendulous anther-cells 

 opening by a longitudinal slit : pollen-grains simple. The pistillate flowers 

 terminate short branchlets. subglobose ; scales thick, ovate acute and bearing 

 attached to their bases on the inner surface generally numerous, erect, orthotro- 

 pous bottle-shaped ovules. Fruit a subglobose, short-stalked, rugose, woody cone, 

 generally maturing the second year, scales closely valvate, peltate, polygonal in 

 outline at apex, flattened and bearing more or less prominent central bosses, at 

 maturity opening along their margins and persisting after liberating their 

 numerous irregularly compressed acutely angled thick-coated seeds, which are 

 borne in several rows on the base of the scale ; embryo erect in fleshy albumen, 

 cotyledons usually two. 



Genus consists of resinous trees with generally fragrant wood of considerable 

 economic value, especially in Japan. About a half dozen species are found in the 

 United States along the Pacific slope. 



(Cupressus is the classical Latin name of the Cypress tree.) 



219. CUPRESSUS MACNABIANA, MURR. 

 MACNA.B CYPRESS. 



Ger., Cypresse von M<i*-nal> ; Fr., Cypres de Macnab ; Sp., Cipres 



de Macnab. 



SPECIFIC CHARACTERS : Leaves conspicuously glaucous, and white-glandular- 

 pitted on the back, ovate, acute or rounded at apex, closely appressed, long 

 pointed and spreading on young shoots, T V in. or less in length ; branchlets 

 slender and numerous. Flowers appear in March or April ; the staminate nearly 

 cylindrical and about T V in. long with rounded scales (connectives) ; the pistillate 

 about the same size but scales more pointed and spreading. Fruit, cones small, 

 subglobose, in. in diameter or slightly more, rich brown (or grayish with age) 

 composed of~6 or rarely 8 scales each furnished with a rather thin but wide-based 



