Mosses and Lichens 



Reindeer Lichen, Cladonia rangiferina, (L.) Hoffm. See 

 Colour Plate VIII. 



Habit and habitat. On earth often covering extensive areas. 



Vegetative organs (thallus). Shrubby (fruticulose). Fruit- 

 ing branches (podetid) 4 to 10 cm. tall, branches cylindrical and 

 hollow, 5 to 1.5 mm. thick, the divisions mostly wide-spreading; 

 the sterile tips curved and drooping; without a distinct outer 

 layer (ecorticate) , the surface fibrous sometimes mealy or warty; 

 ashy-white or tinged with greenish straw-colour. 



Fruiting organs (apothecia). Tiny brown knobs on the tips 

 of the fruiting branches. 



Name. "Reindeer lichen" because reindeer feed upon it in 

 winter. 



The Cornucopia Cladonia, Red-fruited Cup Cladonia, 

 Cladonia cornucopioides, (L.) Fr. 



Habit and habitat. On the earth. 



Vegetative organs (thallus,). Branching like coral cladonia- 

 form) ; fruiting branches Codetta) hollow, elongated-top-shaped, 

 about 15 to 35 mm. tall; smooth, becoming warty. 



Fruiting organs (apothecia). Scarlet knobs on the tips of the 

 fruiting branches. 



Name. The specific name cornucopioides, ^suggested by the 

 podetia, is compounded of three Latin words: cornu, a horn, 

 copia, plenty, and aid, like. 



