Mosses and Lichens 



Little cups are often present on the upper surface, with green 

 disks (gemmae) in them. 



Upright umbrella-like growths on which are borne the male 

 and female organs are found also on the upper surface. 



Fals 



Peduncle. 



Marchantia polymorpha. Vertical section of female receptacle. 



The male peduncle is capped with a flat, slightly lobed 

 receptacle. The female peduncle is capped with a receptacle 

 bordered with deep finger-like lobes. 



The male organs (antheridia) are developed in the upper 

 surface of the scalloped receptacle. 



.7*a*etc Elater. 



Under-surface view of female receptacle. 

 Marchantia polymorpha. 



A spore- case shedding its spores. 

 See page 95. 



The female organs (archegonia) are developed on the under 

 surface of the receptacle bearing the finger-like lobes. 



Spore-cases filled with spores and spirally twisted threads 

 (daiers) later occupy the place of the archegonia between the 

 long lobes. 



94 



