Mosses and Lichens 



referring to the fringed perichaetial leaves, is derived from the 

 Latin cihum, an eyelash. 



Plant (gametopbyte). Pale-green, stems slender, I to 4 inches 

 long, at first erect, then procumbent, repeatedly twice-forked. 



Leaves. Spreading all round when moist, crowded and over- 

 lapping like shingles when dry, broadly lance-shaped; apex re- 

 curved, translucent by the absence of leaf-green ; margins wavy, 

 base growing down the stem and yellow at the point of attach- 

 ment; cells with tiny projections. 



Leaves at the base of the spore-case (perichcetial leaves). Thin 

 and transparent, taper-pointed, fringed on the margins. 



Habit of flowering. Male and female flowers on one plant 

 (monoicous) . 



Veil (calyptrd). Small, covering the lid, conical, with or 



without hairs. 



Spore-case. Immersed, globular, light- 

 brown, red at the mouth. 



Pedicel. Almost none. 



Lid(operculum). Convex, with or with- 

 out an obtuse point in the centre. 



Annulus. None. 



Teeth (peristome}. None. 



Spores. Mature in spring. 



Distribution. Universal. 



H. ciliata. Plant stripped 

 of leaves to show spore- 

 case surrounded with three 

 fringed leaves; two male 

 flower-clusters on the stem. 



Spore-case. 



H. ciliata. 



THE CURLED-LEAF MOSSES 

 Genus ULOTA, Mohr 



The species of the Genus Ulota usually grow in small 

 rounded cushions, which live year after year on trees but never 

 on soil. They are common on the trunks and small stems of 

 mountain trees. 



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