Mosses and Lichens 



regularly feather-branched, the branches resembling a fern frond ; 

 branchlets close, diverging horizontally and curved back at the 

 apex like a plume. 



Leaves. Stem-leaves broad, gradually long lance-like and 

 taper-pointed, thin, turned to one side as a scythe blade, with 

 longitudinal folds ; vein double or none ; margin sharply serrate 

 from the middle upward. 



Leaf -like organs (paraphyllia). 

 Numerous, long, narrowly lance-shaped. 

 Leaves at the base of the pedicel (peri- 

 chcetial leaves'). Long, sheathing, white, 

 veinless. 



Habit of flowering. Male and female 

 flowers on separate plants (dioicous). 



Veil (calyptra). Thin, smooth, 

 pointed and split up one side. 



Spore-case. Cylindrical-oblong, 

 arched, green-brown when ripe, dirty- 

 yellow when empty. 



Pedicel (seta). One-and-a-half to two 

 inches long. 



Lid (operculum) . Broadly conical, 

 sharp-pointed. 



Teeth (peristome). The outer teeth orange below, pale, 

 serrate, and awl-pointed above ; the inner teeth long-pointed 

 and cleft ; cilia three or four, thick and as long as the teeth. 

 Annulus. Simple and narrow. 

 Spores. Mature in summer and autumn. 

 Distribution. North America, Europe, Asia. 



HYPNUM: Sub-genus EUHYPNUM 



The plants of this group generally 

 have creeping stems which are more or 

 less regularly feather-branched. The 

 leaves are usually scythe-shaped and 

 turned to one side, ovate lanceolate be- 

 low and narrowly taper-pointed. The 

 vein (costa) is short and double or none. 

 The cells are linear and narrow, 4-sided 



298 



C. crista-castrensis. Portion 

 of peristome showing on the 

 left two outer teeth; on the 

 right two keeled teeth of the 

 inner membrane and six cilia. 



H. curvifolium. 

 Branch -leaf. 



H. imponens, 

 Spore-cases 

 with lids. 



