Index 



Rock Andreaea, The, 133 



Rock tripe, The, colour plate XI., 99 



Root-hairs, terminal, 58 



Roots, 69 



definition of, 46 

 Ruskin, 4 



Scale-mosses, see Hepatics, leafy, 99 



Schimper, Wilhelm Philipp, 142, 188 



Schimdel, 261 



Schreber, Johann C. D., 76, 136 



Scutellaeform, 80 



Schwaegrichen, Christian Friedrich, 76, 198 



Schwendener, 22 



Scytonema, 23, 25 



Seta, 30 



cross-section of, 57 



enlargement under spore-case, 57 



purpose of, 57 



change in position of, 57 

 sheath at base, 57 

 Sexual generation, 65 



of ferns, 66 

 Shakespeare, n, 12 

 Short-leaved Hair-cap, 245 

 Silvery Bryum, 222 

 "Silver lichen spots," 3 

 Slender Catherinea, plate IV., 241 



Hairy-cap, 251 

 Soreciia, 24, 82 



Spanish-shield Lichens, see Cetraria, 79 

 Spenser, 12 

 Sperm-cells, 39, 40 (cut), 41, 49 



defined, 46 

 Sphccrangif.'m, genus, 133-133 



muticum, 49 (cut), 134 (cuts) 



sperm-case of, 55 (cut) 

 Schimperanum, 134 (cuts) 

 Sphagnum, genus, 34, 109-130 



acutifolium, 51 (cut), 118, 119, 121, 123, 

 124 (cuts) 



vertical section of young sporogon- 

 ium, 51 (cut) 

 to show development of young 



spore-case, 53 (cut) 

 cuspidatutn, 120 (cuts), 123, 126 



sections of archegonia, 47 (cut) 

 cymbifolium, n (cut), 114, 115, 118 

 (cuts), 128, 129 



first or sexual generation, 62 (cut) 

 protonema, 63 (cut) 

 resemblance to thallophyte, 63 (cut) 

 surface view of leaf, 34 (cut) 

 rubellutn, 125 

 squarrosum, 128 

 SpJachnum, genus, 204-207 

 luieunt, 207 



apophysis, 59 (cut) 

 columella, 59 (cut) 

 rubrum, 31 (cut), 206 

 Sporangium, 207 



of fern, 69 

 Spores, 30, 38 (cut) 

 defined, 36 

 ellipsoid, 80 

 exit of, in genus Catharinea, 56, 57 



in Polytrichum mosses, 55 

 germination of, 38 (cut) 

 fern, germinating, 65 

 Hepatic, germinating, 65 

 how they escape from Polytrichum 



mosses, 37 



leafy-moss, germinating, 65 

 origin of, 51 (cut) 

 polar-bilocular, 81 

 Soreciia, 82 



326 



Spore-case, borne on side of stem, 3 1 (cut) 

 borne on summit of pedicel, 31 (cut) 

 cell structure of, 51 

 closed, s (cut), 

 columella exposed, 55 (cut) 

 defined, 35 (cut), 36 

 developing in Marchantia, 97 (cut) 

 development of, 49 



illustrated by Sphagnum acuti- 



folium, 53 (cut) 



favourable positionsfor obtaining light, 5 7 

 formation of, 39 

 homologies of, 67 

 immature, 31 

 immersed, 30 (cut) 

 of fern, 68 



opening by a lid, 30 (cut) 

 opening without lid, 30 (cut) 

 rim, origin of, 53 

 situation, 30 

 split in four valves, 9 

 spores falling, 30 

 teeth four, 37 

 teeth in one row, 30 

 in two rows, 30 

 of, in Catharinea, 56 

 wanting, 9 

 thirty-two teeth surrounding an ept- 



phragm, 55 (cut) 

 to show columella, 54 (cut) 

 twisted, 60 (cut) 

 two rows of teeth, 31 (cut) 

 wall, origin of, 53 (cut) 

 with anmilus rolling away, 37 

 conical veil, 50 (cut) 

 eight teeth in pairs, 37 (cut) 

 four teeth, 32, 54, (cuts) 

 hairy veil, 32, 50, (cuts) 

 lid, 9, 48 (cut), 52 

 lifted, 48 (cut) 

 short pedicel, 51 

 thirty-two teeth, 57, 123 (cut) 

 veil, 48 (cut), 51 

 without lid, 52, 57 



teeth, 30 



wrinkling of wall to oust spores, 38 

 Spore-sac, 207, 53 

 Sporogonia, 41 

 Sporogonium, 48, 49 

 defined, 49 



producing protonema, 60 

 wall removed, 49 (cut) 

 Sporophyte, 35 

 fern, 68 (cut) 

 Hepatic, 68, 69, (cuts) 

 homologies of, 67 

 moss 68, 69, (cuts) 

 origin of, 39 

 with pores, 72 



Spotted Lungwort, a cure for lung trouble, 30 

 Spread-leaved Sphagnum, plate VII., 128 

 Squamulose, 88 

 Starch, 44 

 Stem, The, 45 



cross section of, 46 (cut), 124 

 producing protonema, 60 

 Stereocaulon ramulosum, 23, 66 

 Sterigmata, 27 (cut) 

 Sticta, genus, 28, 86, 87 

 amplissima, 87 

 pulmonaria, colour plate XIV. 39, 87 



used for beer, 20 



Stictina fuliginosa, 26, 87, (cuts) 

 Stipule, 64 (cut) 

 Stolons, 224 (cut) 

 Stomata, 203 



function of, 73 

 of Funaria, 72 (cut) 

 of Hypnum. 72 (cut) 

 of Marchantia, 72 (cut) 



