126 The Tariff and the Farmer. 



and the same effect may be traced in various direc- 

 tions." 



The vahie of hay, fodder, cereals, etc., in 1895 was 



returned as $13,595,000 



The value of the products, dairy, animal, poultry, 

 meats, largely produced by the consumption of 

 above hay, fodder, cereals, etc., 23,637,000 



The sum of the two totals, $37,233,000 



The value of all other products, $15,647,000 



Tims more than two-thirds of the total value of agri- 

 cultural products in 1895, as given in the State census, is 

 largely of fictitious value when considered for the pur- 

 pose of ascertaining the real income received by farmers. 

 The value of products whose totals run into the millions 

 is repeated twice, sometimes three times, and we are not 

 sure but what in some cases four times. The value of 

 hay, grain, etc. (save the small part sold, and this is 

 undoubtedly offset several times over by purchased west- 

 ern grain) reappears chiefly in the dairy, poultry, etc., 

 products. It may be disputed that the value of the hay 

 and grain fed to furnish the needed horse-power is to be 

 looked for in the value of the products, vegetables large- 

 ly. But in no other way is the farmer paid this expense, 

 and the power is as essential to the carrying on of busi- 

 ness as the manure is for the growth of plants. 



The value of hay, grain, etc., and manure is given as 

 $15,965,000. The State report indicates a further dupli- 

 cation in dairy products of $3,152,000. This added to 

 above duplication gives a total of over $19,000,000. The 

 latter sum taken from the State valuation leaves a remain- 

 der of less than $34,000,000 as the amount of income of 

 Massachusetts farmers. This is quite a fall from the 

 reputed sum of $52,880,000 for the year 1895. 



