30. The Tariff and the Farmer. 



average farmer's products of that State was $416. This 

 was the sum after making all due allowance and charging 

 4% for property invested, including in the interest 

 charge a dwelling of the value of $981.50. This is the 

 amount received for the labor of the average farmer's 

 family. Besides paying all family expenses, this sum 

 must keep all the buildings and farm machinery in 

 repair, replacing the latter with new when worn out, fur- 

 nish a hired man with board for a portion of the year, 

 insure the buildings, shoe the horse, and pay taxes; 

 that is, if all exj)enses are paid without the aid of capi- 

 tal, as is done bv the workman. 



Is the showing given by the United States census of 

 1900 any better! Here the average value of products 

 per farm for the North Atlantic States is given as $984. 

 This is the gross income. From this must be deducted 

 $686.64 (see chapter X), which leaves $297.36. This to 

 be still further reduced by the cost of the board of a 

 hired man for a portion of the year, and the blacksmith's 

 bill for shoeing the horses. Compare this with the wages 

 received by the workman and his family. 



In a Massachusetts Labor Eeport of 1875 Mr. Carroll 

 D. Wright states that the fathers of 397 families of 

 many manufacturing trades earned on an average, 

 annually, $574.89. The boys' and girls' wages brought 

 up the income of the average family to $762.72. 



According to the April number. World's Work, 1905, 

 the Bureau of Labor Statistics at Washington, in a 

 recent investigation into the habits of 13,000 persons who 

 live in cities in thirty-three states, found the average 

 family income to be $827.19. This is nearly if not quite 

 double 'what the farmer's family has to pay family 

 expenses received from its labor. That this great dis- 



