124 PRINCIPLES OF AMERICAN" FORESTRY. 



The preparation for this should consist in digging a hole 

 of sufficient si ^e to ,,t.ake in the roots without crowding. 

 If the subsoil is very solid clay, it should be thoroughly 

 loosened up, and where practicable, it is a good plan to 

 dig a trench to the loose soil over a water pipe or sew r er, 

 for by this means the roots get into loose soil, and drain- 

 age is secure, which is often much needed on such land. 



FIG. 3fi. An overgrown wound where branch has been cut off, 

 but decay started before wound had healed over and is liable 

 to continue farther. (After Hartig.) 



Sometimes a very stiff hardpan can be broken up to ad- 

 vantage by exploding a small dynamite cartridge in a 

 deep hole made with a crowbar. 



Before Setting the tree it should have all broken and 

 dead roots cut off. It should then be set an inch or tw^o 

 deeper than it had been growing, the discoloration above 

 the roots indicating the depth at which it had stood. 

 If, however, good drainage cannot be secured, the tree 



