200 PRINCIPLES OF AMERICAN FORESTRY. 



a good thing for them, as it will cause them to take 

 on an upright growth. Plantings of this kind will prob- 

 ably cost somewhere about five dollars per acre, and if 

 the work is carefully done in the spring, just before the 

 growth of young pine starts, there should be scarce any 

 failures. In setting out the seedlings it is important that 

 they be kept in water or in damp moss from the time 

 they are pulled out until they are put into the soil again. 

 They must never be allowed to even appear dry. 



7. B has land in Northern Michigan covered with a 

 mixed growth of Pine and Poplar. The Poplar is about 

 twelve inches thick and overtops the Pine, which varies 

 from four to eight inches in diameter and from twenty to 

 forty feet high. What treatment would be best to secure 

 an even stand of White Pine? 



Answer: While the Poplar is hardly marketable at 

 present, yet it should be removed even if the material 

 taken out hardly pays for the expense of so doing. This 

 should be done in order to give the Pine a chance to shoot 

 upward. After the Poplar is removed the Pine will 

 probably stand for several years without serious crowding, 

 when it should be thinned to obtain best results. 



8. A has 2,000 acres of burned-over land in Wisconsin. 

 This has quite a number of crooked and branching seed- 

 ing trees, probably sufficient to seed the land, but the 

 soil is so covered with raspberries, grass, and Poplar that 

 the Pine has very little chance to grow. 



Answer: The best way for giving a chance for the pine 

 seed to grow is to drag the land in good seed years as well 

 as can be with a drag made of oak branches or logs. This 

 will tear up a good deal of grass or bushes and make a loose 

 surface soil in which the Pines can take root ; but the next 

 year the weeds will again start, and will destroy the Pine 

 unless they are held in check in some way. This is prob- 

 ably best done by going over the land in June and July, 



