34 ON THE GEOGRAPHY OF ANIMALS. 



bubo L., fig. 3.) represents, in Central Europe, the 

 snowy species of the Arctic regions. It is common in 

 the German and Hungarian fo- 

 rests, although very rare in Eng- 

 land. The Iceland falcon is not, 

 as it name would imply,, con- 

 fined to that frigid country, but 

 is well known in Germany under 

 the name of the Falco caudicans 

 of authors. The wide geo- 

 graphic range of the class of 

 rapacious birds already noticed 

 (27.), enables us to account for 

 the dispersion of the remaining 

 European falcons over all the 

 temperate and southern parts of 

 this continent, and over the 

 northern regions of Africa, in the greater number of in- 

 stances. With the exception of the three-toed species, 

 all the other woodpeckers, five in number, are found in 

 the forests and woods of Central Europe. 



(48.) To detail the varied distribution of the warblers 

 and the small insectivorous birds would far exceed 

 the limits of this sketch; their northernmost limits, how- 

 ever, do not extend beyond Central Europe; nor are 

 we aware of any one species found in France and 

 Germany, which does not occur in the southern king- 

 doms. The few gallinaceous birds, with the exception 

 of the grouse, are chiefly found in similar temperatures : 

 they consist of three species of bustards, two of part- 

 ridges, and one of the quail. The grouse seem to occupy 

 an intermediate station between the centre of Europe 

 and the confines of its polar extremity : the largest is 

 the famous cock of the woods, once an inhabitant of 

 the Scottish forests ; which country also produces an- 

 other species, the red game of the sportsman, which is 

 found in no other part of the world. Four of the most 

 beautiful of European birds, namely, the bee-eater, the 

 roller, the hoopoe, and the golden oriole, in their 



